خلاصه ماشینی:
For thousands of years Arab traders came to the sea-coasts of India: they carried Indian products to the mares of Europe by way of Egypt and Syria.
They are identical with the Arameeans, a people of Arab origin who-as researches show-had left the coasts of Bahrayn and settled in western Syria.
Sanskrit in the Encyclopeedia Britannica (11th edition) relates the history of India's earliest writings in these words: "The origin of the Indian alphabets is still enveloped in doubt.
Thus, it has been definitely established that the cultural relations between India and the Semitic world, through the medium of the Arabs, date back to a period by far anterior to the Muslim conquests in India.
The kings of Persia -often held sway over Baluchistan and Sind, and the military detachments of warlike Sindt tribes formed part and parcel of the Persian army and became thus known to the Arabs.
During the rule of Caliph 'Umar, fleets of Arab ships were seen on the Indian coasts.
At about the same time an Arab named Mughirah invaded Daybal, a port in Sind situated near Thath (the modern Karachi).
permanent foothold in India-most of the Arab principalities in Sind were extinguished towards the end of the third century A.
It can safely be assumed that when the Muslim invaders appeared on the borders of Sind the land was seething with Buddhist-Brahman enmity.
· III AT THE TIME of the Arab conquest of Sind, towards the end of the first and the beginning of the second century A.