Abstract:
In recent years, an increasing number of archaeological investigations have produced new evidence for the prehistoric development (both in chronology and settlement patterns) in the westernmost provinces of Iran. Prior to the commencement of the MPAP an earlier survey in the Marivan region had been carried out by the Department of Archaeology at Bu Ali Sina University in Hamadan (Iran). Research focused on the Paleolithic and Neolithic periods and, unfortunately, evidence from the Chalcolithic periods is yet to be published. The Marivan Plain Survey Project, by Morteza Zamani Dadaneh from the University of Kurdistan, Kurdish Studies Institute, conducted a first season of systematic survey for four weeks in the summer of 2018. The goal of MPAP is to reassess previous survey work in the region. Archaeological project of Marivan plain in 2018 resulted in identifying 60 sites from Neolithic to more recent time. Among identified sites: 1 site dating back to PPN Neolithic, 14 site to chalcolithic period (early, middle and late), 2 site to Bronze Age probably, 11 site to Iron Age, 28 site to historic (Parthian) period and 12 site to Islamic era. Regarding the settlement pattern of prehistoric sites (Neolithic and chalcolithic period), it become clear that all prehistoric sites distributed in the northern and southern shore of Zeribar lake. Most probably such pattern influenced from Zeribar sea level and access to the fertilized agricultural lands in this area in Neolithic and chalcolithic times. But the distribution pattern of historic and Islamic sites is somewhat different from prehistoric pattern and is similar to pattern of nowadays residential areas. Current and historic/Islamic residential area placed close to permanent water sources in the narrow valleys surrounded the Zeribar lake. Of course, part of the Marivan Plain is located in the east of the current Marivan City, which is far from Zarivar Lake, and dispersed settlements in this section formed on the edge of the main river, one of the branches of the Garan River
Machine summary:
Although this type of pottery is a characteristic of the cultures of the Early Chalcolithic period in the western Central Zagros regions, such as the Sarpol-e Zahab plains (Alibeigi, 1394) and Mahidasht (McDonald & Levine, 1977), and the ultimate extent of its distribution range also reaches areas like Harsin and Sahneh (Mohammadi Far & Translator, 1381) and Bistun, such as Tepe Nazlian (Mohammadi Ghasrian, 1393), it is interestingly found on the surface of one of the identified sites in Marivan, called Tepe Qala Zewa (Image 5), pottery known as J pottery (Zamani et al.
It should be noted that this situation – the absence of Bronze Age cultures – was also mentioned in the survey program of Marivan County conducted by the team from Bu-Ali Sina University, except at Tepe Qale Nane, which was outside the Marivan plain and where evidence of Yanik-style pottery was identified (Mohammadi-Far & Translator, 2002).
79-61 Zamani, Mortaza, Mohammadi Qasrian, Sirvan, Behnia, Ali, (Summer 1397), Tepe Qale Ziva: A New Discovery with Ji Pottery in Marivan, Pars Archaeological Studies, Year Two, Number 4: 49-41.
Mohammadi Far, Yaqub, Translator, Abbas, (1381), Archaeological Survey of Marivan County, Documentation Center of the General Directorate of Cultural Heritage and Tourism of Kurdistan Province (unpublished).
Mohammadi Qasrian, Sirvan, (1393), Report on determining the area and proposing the perimeter of Tepe Gellin Kaboud Marivan, Documentation Center of the General Directorate of Cultural Heritage and Tourism of Kurdistan Province (unpublished).
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