Abstract:
With the opening of the political space and the birth of civil society discourse and the relative development of public sphere in the mid of 1370s in Iran, it became possible for the urban women of Kurdistan to enter the public sphere and create feminine civil organizations in order to realize women’s rights, demands and requests. These organizations, despite various structural constraints, have survived and worked so far. This study is about the ways in which feminine subjectivity has been constructed in these organizations, or how feminine subjectivity has been constructed in the contexts, features and activities of these organizations. We can also ask how do women, in the process of attempting to consolidate their own subject positions, redefine themselves in versus the male dominant other? To answer these questions, 18 active members and founders of these organizations have been interviewed. The findings showed that historical backgrounds, the prevalence of feminists’ views and the joining of women to occupational field are the main contexts of the development of these organizations.
Machine summary:
(Research Article) Kurdish Women in the Public Sphere: Contexts, Components, and Activities of Women's Social Organizations (Case Study: Kurdistan Province) Jamal Mohammadi 1, Latife Pashayi 2 Abstract Concurrent with the relative opening of the political space and the emergence of the discourse of civil society and the approximate expansion of the public sphere in the mid-1990s, urban women in the Kurdistan community found the opportunity to establish social organizations centered on women's issues by entering the public sphere, with the intention of pursuing women's demands, rights, and aspirations.
Contexts, components, and activities of women's social organizations in Kurdistan Contexts for the formation of women's organizations - Increasing growth of girls entering universities - Increasing joining of women to the workforce - Expansion of new communication technologies - Prevalence of feminist views - Historical background Structural components of women's organizations Channels and types of activities of women's organizations - Horizontal relationships of members - Education and empowerment of women - Centrality of civil activities - Confronting stereotypes and gender division of labor - Femininity oriented towards resistance - Resistance against male symbols - Avoiding financial and political dependence - Fighting against unequal laws - Openness to other forces - Non-linear confrontation with power relations Constructing female subjectivity in social organizations Discussion and Conclusion The growth of urbanization and the relative formation of the middle class in Kurdistan province in recent decades has prepared the ground for the birth of a generation of women who seek to realize their self 1, self-fulfillment and social being 2 3 through participation and activity in the public sphere.
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