Abstract:
Psychoanalysis can be an approach for better understanding of literary works. In this approach, topics such as the conscious, the sub/preconscious, and the unconscious are of great importance,because literary works are important manifestations of the unconscious, including the suppressed desires or repression that have come to pass over to ego and take place there as time passes.The artist who is the poet here, sublimating his desires by using artistic tricks and figures of speech, and is trying to represent them in his/her literary works in a way that even the reader will experience the same pleasure, and that is why all works of art, especially literary works, are a very good platform for psychoanalytic criticism. In this descriptive analytical study, a brief description of the five categories of psychoanalysis, namely masochism, sadism, voyeurism, homosexuality and fetishism is assumed, and then their implicit and explicit applications in Saadi’s sonnets is extracted and classified. It is concluded that, first of all, Saadi was represented them in his sonnets with relatively high frequencies and second of all by using poetic artistry and rhetorical tricks he has tried to recite and sublimate them in the best possible way. So sublimating can be named as one of the important factors in creating pleasure by reading Saadi’s poems.
Machine summary:
In this analytical-descriptive research, while providing a brief description of the five psychoanalytic categories, namely "self-harm", "other-harm", "voyeurism", "homosexuality" and "idol worship", we have extracted their obvious and hidden reflections in Saadi's ghazals, categorized them and concluded that Saadi firstly reflects these categories with a relatively high frequency in his ghazals, and secondly, using the art of poetry and rhetorical techniques, he has sublimated, refined and expressed them in the best possible way, so that "sublimation" can be considered one of the important factors of literary enjoyment from Saadi's poetry.
2. Research Questions This research seeks to answer the following questions: 26/ Analysis of the Escalation and Sublimation of Five Psychological Tendencies in Saadi's Ghazals 1- Based on what factors can the psychoanalytic components in the works left by a poet or writer be interpreted?
7. Sublimation of the five categories in Saadi's ghazals The categories considered in this research, which are related to the unconscious and idealization, include the following: 1- Love for the same sex 2, 2- Sadomasochism 3, 3- Sadism 4, 4- Voyeurism and 5 5 - Fetishism 6.
1. Alfred Binet Journal of Literary Criticism and Rhetoric, Year 9, Issue 1, Spring 37/1399 The axis and center of ghazal 47 revolve around the beauty and, at the same time, the inattention of the beloved to the lover.
In literature, given the abundance of delicacy in it, this abnormality exists in its weakest form: 38/ Analysis of Sublimation and Refinement of Five Psychological Tendencies in Saadi’s Ghazals exists; that is, the ordinary gaze of a lover at his beloved and the pleasure that this brings to the lover: “To see the beauty of your face in the mirror Will show what the impatient one was like.
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