Abstract:
The position of ministry is considered one of the most sensitive administrative posts in any government. The Khwarazmians also, like other governments, were not without ministers to manage their vast possessions. The ministry was considered one of the main pillars of the Khwarazmian government, and it was usually tried to select a qualified person for this position because the heavy burden of state affairs rested on the minister's shoulders. In this period, reaching the ministry was closely related to the individual's competence and merit. One of the most important duties of the minister in this period was to supervise financial affairs. However, the nature of the government played a significant role in how administrative affairs were managed. For example, if the nature of the government was military, the minister should also pay more attention to military expenses. Considering that the Khwarazmians attached great importance to conquest, the military force played the biggest role in the government. In this period, the minister enjoyed high prestige, and the term used for the minister was Khwaja Jahan. This article attempts to examine the reasons for the importance of the ministry, how the minister was selected, the duties of the minister, the advantages of the ministry, and the dangers that the position of minister was associated with.
Machine summary:
Baha al-Din Muhammad Baghdadi, who was one of Sultan Tekesh's scribes, writes in his book Al-Tawassul ila al-Tarasul about the importance of the position of minister: "Because we have known through reasoning and learned through experience that the rules of governance and the strengthening of the foundations of success are entrusted and confirmed to the position of minister, and most important matters depend on their perfection and swift guidance, so that the interests of the country cannot be settled without the flow of their pen, and the lamps of the state cannot shine without benefiting from their opinion, and the manipulation of the sword requires the assistance of the pen" (Mu'ayyid Baghdadi; 1375: 79).
Baha' al-Din Muhammad Baghdadi (head of the Diwan al-Insha of Sultan Tekesh) believes that "what sustains the kingdom is sound thinking, and the stability of the government never comes without a minister who has been the treasury of the king's secrets and the king has entrusted his heart to the advice of wise men and the interests of the country.
2- Nizam al-Mulk Sadr al-Din Ali ibn Sa'd al-Din Mas'ud: After the death of Sa'd al-Din Mas'ud, Sultan Tekesh entrusted this task to his son, Sadr al-Din Ali. According to Ibn Athir, he was young at the time of his appointment as minister, and Khwarazmshah entrusted the ministry to him in order to honor his father.
After removing Nizam al-Mulk Muhammad ibn Saleh, Sultan Muhammad Khwarazmshah did not appoint anyone else to the position of minister, and for the first time, he delegated the performance of the minister's duties to a group consisting of six courtiers.
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