Abstract:
Sit-ins in holy shrines have an ancient history. Since ancient times, the people of Iran have sought refuge in holy shrines, which were considered safe havens, from the injustice of oppressors and tyrants. The shrine of Hazrat Ahmad ibn Musa (AS) in Shiraz was one of these safe havens where political protesters would seek refuge to demonstrate their protest or to ensure their physical safety in this sacred place. It is not precisely known when political protesters first held sit-ins at the shrine of Ahmad ibn Musa (AS), but historical sources clearly mention the presence of sit-in protesters during the occupation of Shiraz in the Afsharid era. Most instances of sit-ins in the holy shrine pertain to the Qajar era. In the present article, using a descriptive and analytical method along with library-based data collection, we examine the role of the holy shrine in political transformations by relying on the tradition of sit-ins. Historical evidence indicates that the people of Fars, during important events such as the Tobacco Protest and the Constitutional Revolution, held sit-ins at the shrine of Hazrat Ahmad ibn Musa (AS) as a safe haven for the political struggles of freedom seekers, aiming to fight against foreign colonialists and the oppression of the tyrannical rulers of the time, as well as to garner public support.
Machine summary:
Historical evidence indicates that the people of Fars, during important events such as the Tobacco Protest and the Constitutional Revolution, held sit-ins in the shrine of Hazrat Ahmad ibn Musa (AS) as a safe haven for the political struggles of freedom seekers, aiming for passive resistance against the colonialism of foreign imperialists and the oppression of the despotic rulers of the time, as well as to garner public support.
Since Mo'tamad al-Dawlah, the governor of Fars, paid no attention to the protests, the people, along with the scholars and merchants, sat in sanctuary (bast-neshini) in Shah Cheragh (AS), and Sayyid Ali Akbar, in one of his speeches in the shrine, declared a general jihad (Timouri, 1361, p.
Sanctuary seeking (bast-neshini) and fortification in the shrine from the beginning of the Constitutional Revolution until the Minor Despotism The first sparks of constitutionalism in Shiraz began in protest against the transgressions of the governor of Fars, Shu'a al-Saltaneh, in the year 1323 AH, coinciding with the protests of freedom seekers against Qajar despotism (Qaem Maghami, 1359, p.
Mahallati warned the governor of Fars that if he did not pay attention to the people's demands, he would join them in sanctuary seeking in the shrine of Ahmad ibn Musa as a sign of protest.
Finally, the popular protests and the fortification of the shrine reached the ears of Shah Muzaffar al-Din, and he was forced to summon Prince Shu'a al-Saltaneh to Tehran to end the unrest in Shiraz.
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