Abstract:
In this article, with a theoretical and research approach, the subject of the adverse consequences of natural disasters and the psychological needs of survivors is examined, emphasizing the role of women in meeting these needs. In this study, on one hand, the nature of natural disasters and their consequences, along with risk factors, individual vulnerabilities, and proposed interventions in relief efforts for target groups, are considered; on the other hand, the capabilities of women and the mobilization of sisters in providing relief to disaster victims and the experience of the services provided by the mobilization of sisters during the Bam earthquake have been taken into account by the researcher. At the end of the article, a summary of the subject and related practical suggestions are presented.
Machine summary:
Accordingly, although the reconstruction stage can also be mentioned in terms of classifying the stages of individual reaction, because responders, especially in the voluntary type, are present at the site of the disaster for a maximum of two months after the occurrence of the incident and gradually hand over the management of affairs to relevant organizations after passing through the acute stages of the incident, it is therefore necessary to focus the activities of volunteer responders, including Basiji sisters, as follows until the end of the temporary settlement stage: - Establishing communication with victims and simultaneously paying attention to their information and emotions; - Effort to calm the injured and survivors of the incident; - Recording information of survivors and the deceased; - Collecting and temporarily settling specific at-risk groups, especially children, adolescents, and women without a guardian; - Preparing survivors to face bereavement reactions and the experience of the last meeting with lost loved ones; - Emotional support for survivors; - Follow-up of medical treatments for survivors; - Gathering remaining family members and relatives together; - Consoling and comforting the bereaved; - Helping the bereaved to understand the meaning and philosophy of the event in question; - Persuading survivors of the necessity of endurance and adaptation to new living conditions; - Encouraging survivors toward planning to solve problems; - Helping to identify the problems of surviving individuals; - Identifying the cultural vulnerabilities of survivors; - Identifying threats and opportunities; - Directing aid toward those in need and guiding them on how to receive aid; - Instilling hope regarding the future; - Engaging the participation of survivors to solve problems; - Identifying support and medical centers and providing information to survivors; - Following up on special cases (women at risk) and informing relevant authorities; - Helping to identify and screen the population for non-native individuals; - Encouraging survivors to support one another; - Teaching problem-solving skills to survivors; - Identifying and referring patients (especially individuals suffering from mental disorders); - Helping to find relatives of survivors and injured individuals who have left the scene; - Helping to prevent the increase of expectations; - Helping to form cultural mechanisms such as temporary mosques, schools, etc.
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