Abstract:
the kormanj kurds, from the border areas of iran and the ottoman empire, were relocated to the interior regions of iran, including azerbaijan, khorasan, and guilan, for various reasons.this study focuses on the reasons and how the migration of the kormanj kurds from khorasan to guilan during the reign of nader shah afshar. based on this, the hypothesis is presented that the main reason for this migration was not, as commonly believed, to prevent russian invasions and attacks on guilan, rather, it was primarily linked to nader shah’s policy of relocating tribes to exert control, reduce their influence, and utilize them as a strategic tool. this study answers the research question through a descriptive-analytical approach.the findings show that the forced relocation of the kormanj kurds to guilan by nader shah afshar was due to their conflicts with the khans of quchan, to prevent their union and revolts against the governors in khorasan, to suppress internal uprisings in guilan, and to maintain the region's security for nader shah's government. nader shah employed this policy not only to distance the kurds from his area of influence but also to utilize their military strength and combat skills against his opponents. the consequence of the forced emigration of kurds to guilan region had results political, economic and social and led to the formation of racial mixing of kurds with turks, gil and daylam in the region
Machine summary:
Nader Shah Afshar's policy in the migration of Kurmanji Kurds from Khorasan to Gilan and its consequences 1 2 Mohammad Shoormeij Associate Professor, Department of History, Faculty of Social Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
The research hypothesis is that the primary reason for the forced migration of Kurmanji Kurds to Gilan, contrary to the prevailing view in some historical books, was not only for the purpose of preventing the invasion and aggression of the Russians against Gilan; rather, it was more aligned with Nader Shah's policy toward controlling them, reducing their influence in their place of residence, and using them instrumentally to dominate the target region.
Mohammad Amin Zaki Beg in the research book "About Kurds and Kurdistan" (1998) and Yousef Motavalli Haghighi in the article "Reflections on the causes and manner of the migration of Kurds to Khorasan", (2010), believe that Nader Shah Afshar, from among the four great Kurdish tribes of Chamcheshgak, migrated the Amarlu tribe—which included tribes such as Qaranlu, Shamskanlu, Bahadorlu, and Shah Koulanlu—to confront Russian aggressions in the northern provinces and regions between Gilan and Qazvin (Zaki Beg, 1998: 28; Motavalli Haghighi, 2010: 79).
Kalimullah Tohidi in the book "The Historical Movement of Kurds to Khorasan" (1992), refers to the migration of a number of Kurmanji Kurdish tribes from Quchan to the boundary between Talesh and Khalkhal during the era of Nader Shah Afshar, and believes that the Kurdish tribes, by settling in the pastures between the east and west of the Talesh mountains, created a new human defensive wall to prevent tension and conflict between the Taleshi people and the Shahsevan tribes (Tohidi, 1992: 1/ 470).
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