Abstract:
Since ancient times, the family has held a special position in the thought of Western and Eastern thinkers. In this regard, comparing the ideal thoughts of Thomas More and the views of Khwaja Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, as two prominent thinkers from two different approaches, reveals a vision of the desirable family that can be considered in the contemporary world and current lifestyle. The family in the views of these two thinkers has similarities and differences. Values such as chastity, respect for parents, and the education and upbringing of children hold a high status in both thoughts; however, despite these similarities, there are also differences that are sometimes superficial and sometimes profound. A comparative study of these two thoughts shows that the desirable family from Khwaja's perspective is formed within a religious and Sharia-oriented context; therefore, its teachings, rulings, and value system are religious; whereas Thomas More's ideal family, in terms of religion, is drawn within a pluralistic and ultimately reason-oriented context. Although the family in the thought of both thinkers is 'patriarchal,' in Khwaja's thought system, in exchange for patriarchy, the duty of providing for the family's expenses is placed upon him, but in More's thought, there is no compensation for this patriarchy; because both men and women must participate equally in the system of compulsory labor and economic provision. Consequently, unlike Khwaja's thought, where the family is a structured emotional system oriented toward culture, the family in More's view, rather than being an emotional center, is an economic unit oriented toward civil society.
Machine summary:
In this regard, comparing the ideal thoughts of Thomas More and the views of Khwaja Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, as two prominent thinkers from two different approaches, reveals a profile of the desirable family that can be noteworthy in the contemporary world and current lifestyle.
111) Some of these thinkers have also spoken in criticism of each other's views; for example, Aristotle in the book "Politics," in the discussion of household management, has criticized the status of the family in Plato's ideal society.
200) Avicenna has also explained his views on household management in an independent treatise; and Khwaja Nasir al-Din al-Tusi has spoken in detail about the family and its status in the book "Nasirean Ethics.
" In the present article, an attempt has been made to seek out a profile of the desirable family in both Western and Islamic approaches; and since utopias in the West and the discussion of household management in the approach of Muslim thinkers well display this profile, efforts were made to describe Thomas More's ideal family and then compare it with the desirable family from the perspective of Khwaja Nasir al-Din al-Tusi.
In the article "Comparative Study of the Concept of the Ideal City in the Views of Islamic Thinkers, Case Study: The Views of Khwaja Nasir al-Din al-Tusi and Avicenna" (Tarkashvand and Khwaja Naeini, 1379), although the discussion of the family has not been extensively addressed, it has well depicted the differences between utopias from the perspective of the two Islamic thinkers.
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