Abstract:
Politics, which is actually the arena of social management and has the duty to regulate the rules governing political relations among social forces, can be examined from the perspective of various social strata, classes, forces, and groups. In this regard, students are also considered a social stratum or force whose attitudes and views toward politics and related categories are important and worthy of investigation. It also appears that students of different disciplines, depending on their field of study, may have multiple and different tendencies toward political matters in terms of behavior and attitude. The differences that exist methodologically and content-wise between natural sciences and humanities, as well as their studied environments and the subjects and phenomena studied by researchers in each of the aforementioned sciences, are all among the topics that affect their political orientation. The present research, conducted using a survey method with a questionnaire tool based on a multi-stage cluster method on 264 people (based on Morgan's table) from the University of Tehran students, shows that there is a relationship between different academic disciplines (engineering, medical sciences, humanities, and literature and arts) and the political orientation of students (dimensions of political orientation: political participation, political legitimacy, political identity, political current, and political power). Thus, humanities students differ significantly from students of other academic groups in terms of political orientation. Based on the findings of the present research, the validity of the above hypothesis lies in the fact that humanities students differ from students of other groups in three of the five dimensions of political orientation—namely political participation, political current, and political identity—but no significant difference was observed between different academic groups in the other two dimensions of political orientation.
Machine summary:
The present research, which was conducted using a survey method with a questionnaire tool based on a multi-stage cluster sampling method on 264 people (based on Morgan's table) from the students of the University of Tehran, shows that there is a relationship between different academic fields (technical and engineering, medical sciences, humanities, and literature and arts) and the political orientation of students (dimensions of political orientation: political participation, political legitimacy, political identity, political current, and political power).
Keywords Political orientation, academic field, humanities, natural sciences, University of Tehran Introduction The university, which is obligated to train a set of skilled human resources so that it can sustain human life by utilizing their expertise, acts as a formal element in shaping the knowledge, abilities, and mental development of human resources in society as a primary component of the social system of the modern world.
The differences that exist methodologically and content-wise between natural sciences and humanities, as well as the subjects and topics studied by researchers in each of the aforementioned fields, are all among the factors that affect their orientation toward politics, from the extent and manner of their participation to their views on political legitimacy and other indicators of political orientation.
Considering the model of Milbrath and Goel and also the discussion surrounding political issues, the result obtained from the main hypothesis in this regard is that humanities students possess more political participation compared to other students in other fields and groups, but students of other fields do not have a significant difference from one another.
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