Abstract:
In this research, with an analytical-descriptive method, the effects of two collateral causes on one caused from the point of view of Muchr('39')tazilites and Imamiyyeh as well as human ability and Divine power are studied. As is understood by the findings, The Muchr('39')tazilites, including Abd ul-Jabbar, while believing in the primacy of human ability over action, also believe in the power of God over all contingent beings. But in the conflict between the power of God and the power of man over an action, they have considered only man as capable and have tended to delegation. In Imamiyyeh, some of the first theologians (from the companions of the Imams) consider both God and man to be capable in such a way that human ability is conditioned on the health of the limbs and joints and the health of the body, and the fulfillment of the action depends on the cause caused by God. . Some have agreed with the Muchr('39')tazilites and some have spoken of Godchr('39')s power as being more effective than that of man. Contemporary theologians have defended both the power of God and the power of man by recognizing human power as being based on that of God. Keywords Imamiyyeh, Muchr('39')tazilites, Effects of Two Collateral Causes, Power, Ability, Single Caused.
Machine summary:
The findings of the research show that; the Mu'tazilites, including Abd al-Jabbar, while believing in the precedence of human capacity over the act, also believe in the power of God regarding all possibilities.
Books such as: "The Issue of Free Will in Islamic Thought and the Mu'tazilite Response to It; Sheikh Bu Amran and translation by Ismail Saadat", "Predestination and Free Will; Muhammad Taqi Ja'fari", "Khayr al-Athar in Refuting Predestination and Fate; Hassan Hassanzadeh Amoli", "Amr Bayn al-Amrayn: An Elegant Investigation into the Negation of Predestination and Delegation and the Proof of the Intermediate Position; Sayyid Husayn Shams", "Lubb al-Athar in Predestination and Fate - The Intermediate Position; Ja'far Subhani, report of Imam Khomeini's lectures+", "A Third Look at Predestination and Free Will; Muhammad Hasan Qadrdan Qaramalki", "The Third Way between Predestination and Delegation; an eloquent report of the discussions of Ayatollah Ja'far Subhani, Alireza Subhani", "Predestination and Free Will including the text and translation of the Treatise on the Creation of Acts; Sadr al-Muta'allihin Shirazi", and "Predestination and Free Will; Ali Rabbani Golpayegani; collection of the discussions of Ja'far Subhani" have been written, but apparently, no independent research has been conducted on this specific topic.
The intended meaning of God's power is the perfection of power for Him, in such a way that there is neither compulsion to when Abd al-Jabbar accepts the non-conjunction of two agents over a single object and defends human power, he has consequently defined tafwid as well.
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