Abstract:
Objectives: The purpose of the present survey is to study innate alienation in the philosophical anthropology of Jaspers, through the viewpoint of Allameh Tabatabai and to present some critiques. Method: the method of the research is a library- documantry method. Results: Jaspers used the phenomenological method instead of philosophical analysis and identified absolute freedom inherent in human beings, thus questioned the inherent basics and divine nature and presented it as the violating factor of human existence, while Allameh, using the analytical method, defined innate basics, such as the principle of causality, as the basis of self-awareness and the way to overcome alienation, and introduced freedom as a tool for innate goals. If Allameh found innate alienation causing of neglecting the innate basics, with the principles of his "philosophy of existence", considered adherence to a priori restrictions such as innate affairs as alienation. Conclusion: The present study, through evaluating the epistemological foundations of two thinkers, has proved the nature of the innates and introduced the inattention to innate consciousness as a factor of alienation.
Machine summary:
Fundamental Fundamental Article Examination and critique of the Quranic, Hadith, and theological foundations of the book "School in the Process of Evolution" regarding the knowledge of the unseen (Ilm al-Ghayb) of the Imams (peace be upon them) 1 Hosein Abdelmohammadi 2 Asadullah Rahimi Abstract From the perspective of the Imami school, the Imams (as) possess many sacred and supernatural attributes and characteristics, one of which is the Imam's (as) knowledge of the unseen.
Findings and Conclusion: Based on the criteria acceptable to the author, the knowledge of the unseen of the Imams (as) has been reconciled with those foundations, reaching the following findings: The Quran attributes many sacred and non-natural aspects to both prophets and non-prophets, and the attribution of these aspects does not conflict with their humanity; many evidences and propositions indicate the formation of the thought of the companions of the Imams based on divine text and the specific characteristics of Imamate, including knowledge of the unseen; according to the foundations of the book's author, narrations containing the attributes of the Imams (as), such as infallibility and Ilm al-Ladunni, do not conflict with the Quran and reason and are also consistent with historical certainties.
Hosein Modarresi Tabataba'i 2, a graduate of the Qom Seminary who completed his academic studies in the West and has chosen to reside and hold a teaching position in those lands, influenced by that same intellectual atmosphere and by employing modern methods, has addressed the manner of the formation of the thought of the companions of the Imams (as) with a historical approach and has interpreted the process of development and evolution of the history of Imami thought in the first three centuries, the result of which is the writing of a book titled "School in the Process of Evolution.
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