Abstract:
The support and emphasis of Islam on the good tradition of Waqf (endowment) in the Holy Quran and Hadiths throughout the Islamic era has been one of the important social and cultural issues. These endowed works include immovable properties such as: schools, hospitals, clinics, Takayas, Hosseiniyehs, shops, and private houses; and movable properties such as: handwritten Qurans, mourning tools and items like Alam and Katel, lighting lamps, copper vessels, banners, carpets, kilims, etc., many of which have not yet been identified and documented. This article attempts to introduce the endowed metal hands, which have been an important symbol of mourning and have been less introduced. In this writing, an attempt is made to study the background of metal hands, the philosophy behind their creation, the re-reading of inscriptions, and the artistic methods used in them.
Machine summary:
These Alams, which were used by groups after the prevalence of Shiism during the time of Shah Ismail, were made from an iron plate in the form of a long, thin blade, and at its top, the traditional and tribal symbol and sign of the tribe, or for Shiite believers, the name of Allah and the five members (Panj Tan) were engraved in silver or chased.
The Panja installed on the Alams, flags and multi-bladed signs in mourning processions are considered by the Shiites of Mazhar as a manifestation of the 5 members (Panj Tan) or the severed hand of Hazrat Abul Fazl Abbas, and Muslims in southern India consider them a symbol of the hands of Ali, Fatima, and Abbas Alamdar of Karbala.
Then, a group would move Alam-e Shah towards Tekyeh Dowlat and perform mourning, considering this metal Panja to be the symbol of the hand of the water carrier of Karbala, Hazrat Abul Fazl (عليه السلام).
1- Zanjan Cultural Heritage, material=brass, antiquity=1246 AH, ruling period=Fath-Ali Shah Qajar, descriptions= The construction method and inscriptions of this metal Panja belong to the Safavid era (10th-11th century AH) and only the date was engraved during the Qajar period; this Panja was used in religious ceremonies in the mosque of Kalleh Sar village.
Its construction method and the type of its inscriptions indicate that this work was made during the Safavid era, but the engraved date, written in a weaker script and style, dates back to the year 1246 during the reign of Fath-Ali Shah Qajar, which recounts the endowment (waqf) of this Panja.
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