Abstract:
The word 'Ta'ammuq' in ancient lexical and narrative sources, contrary to common belief, carries a pejorative semantic load, and linguists have considered it to include the concept of excess and exaggeration. For this reason, in the narrations of the Imams of Ahl al-Bayt (AS), it has been mentioned with blame and counted among the pillars of disbelief. Even a group of great Hadith scholars have interpreted the concept of extremism, ghuluw (exaggeration), and excess from it; although a group of scholars, due to negligence regarding the true meaning of Ta'ammuq and its blameworthiness, have reached incorrect understandings in interpreting the relevant narrations.
Machine summary:
"Ta'ammuq" in Hadith Sources The word ta'ammuq in ancient hadith sources has been used exactly in its correct lexical meaning, namely excess, exaggeration, and ghuluww; including in the book Al-Kafi, there is a narration in which Amir al-Mu'minin Ali (as), while explaining the pillars of disbelief, said: «بنی الکفر علی أربع دعائم الفسق والغلوّ و الشّکّ و الشّبهة...
Sheikh Saduq has also narrated this same tradition in the book al-Tawhid as follows: 'He said: Ali ibn al-Husayn (as) was asked about Tawhid, and he replied: Indeed, Allah, Mighty and Majestic, knew that at the end of time there would be people who are overly deep (mutammiqun), so Allah, Mighty and Majestic, revealed {/«قل هو اللّه أحد اللّه الصّمد»/} and the verses from Surah al-Hadid until His saying {/«و هو علیم بذات الصّدور»/}, so whoever seeks what is beyond that is destroyed' (ibid.
Furthermore, great commentators and authors of philosophical and mystical books have had interpretations similar to that of Sadr al-Muta'allihin regarding the aforementioned narration; as Tayfur Bastami, the commentator of Miftah al-Falah by Sheikh Baha'i, has written regarding this hadith: 'Since God knew that at the end of time, people who are meticulous would come, He revealed Surah {/«قل هو اللّه أحد»/} and the beginning of Surah al-Hadid; because the incapacity of the desert Arabs prevented them from understanding the verse {/«هو الأوّل و الآخر والظّاهر و الباطن»/}; but someone like Akhund Mulla Sadra perceives the meaning of this verse; as he himself says that I was constantly contemplating these verses until I saw this hadith, and I wept out of longing' (Bastami, 2/29).
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