Abstract:
In the postmodern era, cultural economy plays an important role in economic development of cities across the world. The considerable role of cultural economy factors in economic revolution plans of cities verifies this claim. This is why in the 21th century, attracting elites and creative capabilities are the most important tools by which cities achieve economic growth and development. This study is a descriptive-analytical research in which the newest methods of content analysis have been used. The most important factors that have been studied at the present study include the role of cultural economics in exploring the cities, theoretical history of creative class, the concept of creative class theory and creative city, the elements of creative city theory, the elements of creative city, opponents and critics’ viewpoints about creative class theory, and the characteristics of two operational examples or creative cities including Melbourne and Toronto. The results of this study revealed that attracting elites results in creativity, innovation, and economic development of cities. Finally, this results in cultural exploring of cities. The focus of creative city theory is issues such as technology and competency. In today’s competitive world, the cities with more diversity will be able to attract elites. This means that the cities with open cultural and multi-national climate can attract more elites and then develop and improve their economic conditions
Machine summary:
The role of the creative class in the movement of the cultural economy relates to the variable of tolerance and forbearance; meaning that by promoting an open, multi-ethnic, pluralistic, and tolerant culture, cities are able to attract elites and, consequently, achieve economic progress and development.
In this context, the emergence of the creative class theory and the creative city has led to the increasing importance of the cultural economy in research and investigations of urban sciences and especially urban economists; as it can rightly be said that in the knowledge-based economy of the twenty-first century, creativity plays a significant role in increasing the competitive capacity of cities.
Based on this, the general objective of this article is to explain and analyze the role of the creative class theory in the dynamics of the cultural economy and urban living, in order to expand this concept within our country's scientific community, as well as to clarify the undeniable role of elites in the development of countries and the necessity of paying attention to preserving elites and creative talents.
Florida's concept of the creative class is not a new subject: the background of human capital has for a long time emphasized the relationship between highly expert individuals, highly educated talents, and urban growth (Glaeser et al, 1995).
According to Jane Jacobs (1969), the continuous flow of innovations created by the geographical concentration of creative individuals with diverse ideas and professions is the main factor in the rapid growth of the New York clothing industry and the entire economy of this city in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries (Romer, 1989).
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