Abstract:
In the recent decades, there have happened many spatial resistances in response to the privatization, Islamization, securitization and increasing control over public urban spaces in Tehran city context. These mostly have been the outcome of agency of marginalized groups in the space production process. Spatial representation of these spatial resistances has been in such a way that could challenge the dominated spatial order in a temporal and unstable way, and the changing in spatial organization of the city has linked into these conflicts. This research seeks knowing the dominated relations upon these spaces and explaining them theoretically through concept of emergent spaces. At the first, in an experiential manner, spatial distribution of emergent spaces was identified and grouped in relation to the form and the dominated relations of these spaces, then three spaces were selected by using selection matrix, field observations and the interview with elites. Data were analyzed by using grounded theory through open, axial and selective coding processes. The results of data analysis showed the spatial resistances is axial category of emergent spaces. The urban agents resist in the urban spaces by the tactics of everyday life and through spatialisation of their needs, they appropriate them against power spatial order and its spatial constructs. The emergent spaces are produced by these spatial resistances which control and capitalistic relations in that are much less than the other spaces.
Machine summary:
Therefore, to conceptualize and theoretically explain spatial resistances against the spatial order of power in the urban context of Tehran, which results in the formation of emergent spaces, these different characteristics and structural conditions must be taken into account.
Considering different levels of analysis that have fundamental differences from similar studies, the effort toward localization and proposing a theoretical framework to explain the process of space production, the emphasis on the plurality of forces involved in this process, considering the agency of forces outside the realms of capital and power, and understanding the way the spatial organization of Tehran transforms, are the new and hidden aspects of examining urban issues in this field that the present research seeks to investigate and understand.
Emergent spaces are the outcome of the spatial resistance of these marginalized groups, which have different relations and functions compared to the spaces constructed by the power structure, and they appear in various forms on the urban fabric.
Based on the research findings, it was determined that the phenomenon of spatial resistance is considered the central category of this research, which includes six axial processes titled: decoding space, self-expression, power structure, confronting the security and disciplinary nature of space, confronting the capitalist relations of space, and also the consumption of space through everyday life.
In fact, the spatial actions of space users through everyday life lead to the formation of a form of spatial resistance in the city of Tehran which ultimately results in the production of emerging spaces and, in this way, although in a limited, episodic, and unstable manner, challenges the power structure.
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