Abstract:
The midnight of Ramezan in Nooshabad brings a ritual in the name of Horbaba, in which children are gone to the homes and pray for a child of the homeowner through hymn, and then receive gifts. The sample of this ritual is seen in many regions and provinces of Iran including Turkmen desert, Yazd, Kerman, Sistan, Bushehr, and Khuzestan. On the other side, a three-day joint celebration called Hirombā is held by Zoroastrians in which they collect firewood, set fire, read hymns with children and adolescents at the homes of residents, and then receive edible gifts. Hirombā has a significant similarity with Horbaba, in terms of the name, general structure, lyrics, content, and a blessing of childrenchr('39')s focus. The fire which is common in the poem of Hirombā is also common in Horbaba. It seems that Horbabachr('39')s ritual, which is still held in many parts of Iran, is the remnant of the ancient Hirombā and Sadeh, and although it has become small and time-lapsed, it has been preserved through an Islamic structure. Researchers view Hirombā the same as Sadeh celebration. They associate the ritual with the sun and Yazata Rapithwin. This paper, based on the field studies and document analysis, aims to introduce Horbaba and its other examples in Iran and focus on its common elements with Zoroastrian Hirombā rituals and their mythical origins
Machine summary:
Journal of Folk Culture and Literature Year 7, Number 30, February and March 2020 The Hoor Baba ritual, a remnant of the ancient Hyromba and Sadeh festivals among Muslim Iranians Mohammad Mashhadi Nooshabadi 1 (Received: 8/27/2019 Accepted: 2/20/2020) Abstract On the night of the middle of Ramadan in Nooshabad, a ritual called "Hoor Baba" is held, in which children go to the doors of residents' houses and, by reciting folk poems, pray for one of the homeowner's children and receive gifts.
On this night, children go in small groups to the houses of the residents, the leader names one of the children of the house and recites folk prayer-like poems for them, and at the end of each verse, the rest of the group responds to this call with "Hoorbaba": Tonight is the night of mid-month, and we are guests We are wandering at the door of the Lord of the World (Name of one of the homeowner's children) We are yours, holding the orange in hand of the King Wear it, wear it, do not be stingy Do not come out of the house (khaneh) People will see you They will die of longing for you Ten long wishes (tomans) for you In the plates of Natanz Give one and make it small Make a vow for the children in the house So that the children become satisfied And depart from the door of the house Sometimes, instead of the last two verses, the following lines are substituted: Do not make the tobacco a flower Reduce the fire on its head So that we may draw smoke And wander away soon (Mashhadi Nushabadi, 1378: 92, 93) In the past, usually the children of each locality were placed in one group and went to the houses of the notables of Nushabad and would receive foods such as nuts and dried fruits; but today the number of groups is large and they go to the houses of all residents.
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