Abstract:
The term 'intellectualism' is a translation of the French word 'intellectuel' or the English word 'intellectual'. Historically, it must be said that intellectuals have been the product of the emergence of philosophies based on doubt and skepticism towards traditional beliefs and, in terms of historical origin, were the product of the processes of secularism, humanism, and liberalism. During these periods, they played both the role of an intellectual, as someone who strives to disseminate rational knowledge, and the role of an ideologue, as someone who employs the process of rationalization for a political goal. The concept of intellectualism has gradually taken shape through the transformation of concepts from one text to another; therefore, the term 'religious intellectualism' is not contradictory with the two important elements of reason and religion. In other words, based on what was mentioned in the definition of intellectualism, religious intellectualism, like other instances of intellectualism, arises in specific social contexts and possesses local and regional characteristics. Religious intellectualism, on one hand, adheres to a text-oriented system of knowledge, and on the other hand, considers reason an independent source, but expands that concept from instrumental reason to other branches of reason such as philosophical reason, intuitive reason, etc. Likewise, religious intellectualism believes in the stability and dynamism of religion in the context of the relationship between religion and life.
Machine summary:
Keywords: Neo-thinking, religion, modernity, intellectual, devil worship, religious and sectarian beliefs Part One: Generalities A precise definition of intellectualism that is acceptable to all researchers cannot be provided; rather, various definitions have been presented so far.
" They used the word "bright" or "enlightened" specifically to say that they had stepped from the darkness of ignorance and superstition present in the Bible into the brightness and light of reason; thus, intellectualism was about distancing oneself from religion (based on this, the application of the concept of religious intellectualism is paradoxical).
B - Proponents of the term religious intellectualism have generally argued as follows: 1- The absence of a disconnection between tradition and modernity The group that supports this idea are usually religious revivalists who believe that religion can be presented with the same traditional roles in the modern world; they rely on tradition and look toward the modern.
3. Reconstructing the concept of religious intellectualism in terms of the evolution of concepts This group believes that since religion is not opposed to reason and seeks to eliminate ignorance and darkness, a relationship of identity can exist between rationality (one of the important indicators of intellectualism) and religion (one of the important indicators of the Muslim epistemological system).
In facing such events and the requirements of the modern era, two viewpoints and two tendencies emerged among Iranian thinkers from the very beginning: one group viewed innovation and the acceptance of new civilization as the cause of the dissolution of the socio-religious and national identity of society, resulting in the comprehensive dominance of foreigners and infidels over the country.
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