Abstract:
Nafsat al-Masdur as a major source of ornate prose in Persian literature is a literary-historical work written about the events happened at the end of Jalaluddin Kharazmshah's kingdom and the beginning of Mongols' attack. There are some aspects of resistance contents in this book. The present study tries to answer the question if we could consider this literary work in the territory of resistance literature through its textual and content analysis. By scrutinizing the text and comparing it with the features of resistance literature, we can find indicators of battle and resistance in both lexical and semantic level. The most distinctive components include the following themes: Patriotism, pity and regret for the foretime, criticizing adverse life conditions and governors' incompetence, objection against inhumanity and the transformation of moral values. By the identification of these traits in both surface and deep structure, Nafsat-al-Masdur could be discussed as a literary text in the domain of resistance literature. This fundamental research is analyzed based on library information.
Machine summary:
Keywords : Resistance literature, Persian prose, Nafathat al-Masdur 1- Introduction One of the greatest calamities in the history of Iran was the Mongol invasion, which occurred in the year 616 AH, and in the years 651–656, Hulagu, the grandson of Genghis, established the Ilkhanid dynasty in Iran.
In the definition of this literary genre, it is said: "Resistance literature refers to works that take shape under the influence of conditions such as suffocation, internal tyranny, the absence of individual and social freedoms, lawlessness and conflict with power bases, and the seizure and looting of territory and national and individual assets; therefore, the essence of these works is the struggle against injustice internal or external aggression across all political, cultural, economic, and social spheres, and standing up against anti-freedom currents" (Sangari, 2004: 45).
Since ancient times, committed and thoughtful Iranian poets and writers have resisted tyranny and oppression, expressing their protest against injustices through the fiery language of poetry and prose; among the talented writers who were present in the heart of these turbulent times is Nasawi, the author of Nafathat al-Masdur and the scribe of Sultan Jalal al-Din Khwarazmshah.
To date, the book Nafathat al-Masdur has not been studied from the perspective of resistance literature; therefore, studying this text can introduce the audience to one of the most sensitive periods of Iranian history, namely the Mongol invasion, and show the characteristics and elements of resistance in this important and beautiful work of Persian literature.
(
, 
, 
)
