Abstract:
After the passing of the Prophet (PBUH), the Islamic world entered a new stage of political-social transformations. Hazrat Ali (AS) and Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, two prominent companions of the Prophet (PBUH), had brilliant performances during the events of that era. They were intensely active during the expeditions of the Prophet (PBUH). With the passing of the Prophet (PBUH), his companions engaged in their first confrontation with each other during the Saqifah event. In this regard, Zubayr ibn al-Awwam considered the sovereignty and succession of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) to be the right of Hazrat Ali (AS) and insisted strongly on it. Despite this, Zubayr was alongside the caliphs in governmental affairs and, during the time of Umar ibn al-Khattab, was part of his six-member council. This issue strengthened Zubayr's position. Hazrat Ali (AS) was also in a consultative role with the caliphs, and they utilized his opinions. During the caliphate of Hazrat Ali (AS), Zubayr provided the necessary cooperation and pledged allegiance to him, but over time, differences formed between them. Accordingly, in this research, using a descriptive-analytical method and based on library resources, we aim to examine the relations and connections between Ali (AS) and Zubayr after the prophetic period in matters involving these two companions, during the era of the three caliphs (Abu Bakr, Umar, and Uthman) and thereafter until the occurrence of the Battle of the Camel during the caliphate of Hazrat Ali (AS), within the interval of the years 11 to 36 AH.
Machine summary:
The Relations of Hazrat Ali (AS) with Zubayr ibn al-Awwam in the Era of the Rightly Guided Caliphs (From Saqifah to the Battle of Camel) 1 Ali Sarafraz Abstract After the passing of the Prophet (PBUH), the Islamic world entered a new stage of political-social transformations.
Yaqubi and Ibn Qutaybah state regarding the alignment of ranks after the passing of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) that during the allegiance of the Ansar to Abu Bakr, the Banu Hashim, while Zubayr was with them, were protesting together that the Caliphate is the right of Ali (AS) and declared their opposition to the election of Abu Bakr and their support for Ali (AS).
Nevertheless, in this council, according to historians, Zubayr provided political support for Ali (AS) and gave his right in 92 his choice for the caliphate to Ali (AS), considering him worthy of the matter of the Prophet's succession, and in response to Abd al-Rahman, he said: "I relinquish my right and share to Ali (AS)" (Tabari, 1387: 4/227; Ibn al-Athir, 1385: 69/3; Dhahabi, 1413: 3/305; Ibn Qutaybah al-Dinawari, 1410: 1/45).
(Ibn Abi al-Hadid, 1372: 5/118) In explanation, it must be said that Zubayr's participation in this council caused him to consider himself an equal and peer to Ali (AS) and to place himself in his ranks, and finally, after the murder of Uthman, he claimed the caliphate and engaged in rebellion against him.
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