Abstract:
The book 'Kanz al-Irfan fi Fiqh al-Qur'an' by Fazel Miqdad (d. 826 AH) is one of the authoritative books in the jurisprudential-interpretive analysis of the verses of legal rulings (Ayat al-Ahkam). Due to its numerous characteristics and advantages in the jurisprudential interpretation of verses, it has always been the focus of scholars and masters of the field. In this article, while mentioning its most important jurisprudential features—including the interpretation of the verses of legal rulings according to the order of jurisprudential chapters, the precise formulation of jurisprudential terms and the provision of a comprehensive and exclusive definition for them, the use of rational arguments in the analysis and derivation of rulings, the application of jurisprudential rules in explaining the verses, and the utilization of the opinions of Imami and Sunni jurists in interpreting the verses of legal rulings—some of his specific jurisprudential views and thought-provoking theories are studied and critically reviewed.
Machine summary:
Fadil Miqdad, in the interpretation of verse 7 of Surah At-Talaq, using the rule of negating hardship and difficulty (nafy al-usr wa al-haraj), says: "Some have said that due to the phrase «لا يکلّف الله نفسـاً الاّ مـا آتاهـا », the criterion for maintenance (in quantity and quality) is the condition of the husband, not the wife; otherwise, in many cases, especially when the wife possesses high social status, lineage, and financial capability while the husband is insolvent, it would impose an unbearable obligation on the husband.
A - Fadil Miqdad, regarding the end of verse 282 of Surah Al-Baqarah in the discussion of testimony in religious transactions, contrary to the majority who hold the view of personal justice (adalah nafsani)2, considers practical justice (adalah fi'li)3 to be sufficient and has said: "God says: 'من ترضون من الشهداء' (those whose testimony you approve), and this indicates that the witness must be among those about whom we have a good opinion regarding their honesty in the matter of testimony.
Conclusion of the Research Kanz al-Irfan by Fadil Miqdad is one of the authoritative jurisprudential-interpretive books and, due to its prominent characteristics, is among the most important works regarding the verses of rulings (Ayat al-Ahkam).
While the book Kanz al-Irfan and the jurisprudential theories of Fadil Miqdad in the interpretation of verses enjoy a high status, they have not been immune to reflection and doubt in some cases, a few of which have been mentioned in this article.
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