Abstract:
Spring frosts in this article have been studied practically using various methods, including statistical and synoptic approaches. The role of low-pressure systems during transitional seasons and the Siberian and Asian high-pressure heat systems is significant in shaping Iran's cold currents. Early spring is one of the most important times for frost, which often accompanies extensive damage to horticultural productions. The presence of more orchards in valley areas faces various forms of frost. In total, radiative, advective, and evaporative frosts, as well as the temperature inversion phenomenon, are among the microclimatic aspects of frost within the study framework of this article. The high potential of Marand County in horticulture, especially apple trees, is of great importance. Among the trees that show sensitivity to frost are apricot and almond, which suffer damage in Marand every two or three years. Prediction and protection against frost are other practical measures that involve active and passive methods.
Machine summary:
Given that the study area is located at 38 degrees latitude, the expansion of the Siberian high pressure in the cold season, the penetration of low pressures in transitional seasons, the establishment of local low pressures in Azerbaijan, and the existence of irregularities and the geographical altitude of Marand, one can witness changes and temperature diversity.
48) Valleys are usually considered sources of cold air accumulation at night and are areas where temperature inversion often occurs, and less wind can provide moderate weather conditions there; northern slopes hold more snow compared to southern slopes.
/ Figure 3- Cross-section of different slope directions in Marand plain Infiltration of cold air into the study area Sometimes, severe temperature decreases and strong winds may occur due to heavy precipitation (rain and snow).
On the other hand, the entry of cold air from northern and eastern Europe to Iran via Azerbaijan in early spring and autumn is confirmed, which sometimes lasts until late Farvardin accompanied by snow and hail, and this phenomenon causes enormous damage to agriculture, especially orcharding.
Frost In agricultural climatology, "frost is applied to the event of low temperature that causes damage to plant tissues.
Figure 4- Paths of Siberian cold air descent into Iran Orchard Farming Marand County is considered one of the most important ancient growing areas for cold-climate fruit trees.
All three types of frost—radiative, advective, and evaporative—leave damaging effects in the study area, and among the microclimatic aspects of frost, temperature inversion is of significant importance.
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