Abstract:
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is one of the most severe and destructive anxiety disorders in children, whose adverse effects may not be easily removable. The loss of a child's trust in all reliable adults, regression in academic and social performance, unsuccessful marriages leading to divorce, and the emergence of psychosomatic disorders in the child's future life are only part of the consequences of this disorder. Children exposed to traumatic events often react with disturbed behaviors indicative of restlessness and constantly try to avoid remembering their event and incident. The impact of these events on children depends on various factors, including the type of incident, severity, the environment in which the incident occurred, the continuity and sequence of the incident, and the age at which the child was exposed to it. Informing parents and children about dangerous conditions and situations is the best preventive suggestion implemented worldwide, and media such as television and the press play a very significant role in this field.
Machine summary:
Since for many persons with PTSD, alcohol is a relatively cheap and available substance and an effective sedative and anti-anxiety drug, these individuals may use alcohol to achieve a sense of calm or to fall asleep, which itself has worse consequences (Brown 4 et al.
In total, PTSD symptoms in children include the following: Restlessness and agitation, aggressive behaviors, feeling of aversion to others, 2l Withdrawal and problems in interpersonal relationships and difficulty bonding with others (especially when the child has been subjected to physical or sexual abuse), Feelings of guilt and shame, emotional numbness or poverty that occurs through withdrawal and muscle contraction, Developmental regressions (return to early childhood behaviors, bedwetting, thumb sucking, etc.
), Hyperarousal and excessive arousal behaviors (a state of being on edge where they are shocked as soon as they encounter a stressful stimulus), Sleep disturbance, nightmares, and terrifying dreams (horrific dreams without specific content), Avoidance of thoughts, feelings, and even places that remind children of unpleasant events, Repetition of traumatic memories such as harassment, rape...
Among the cases that have a harmful effect and can ultimately lead to PTSD are excessive blaming for events that are beyond an individual's control and also the feeling of guilt resulting from the consequences of these events.
Optimism causes individuals to use problem-solving coping styles more effectively, which in turn helps reduce psychological stress (Mohammadi, 1383).
Treatment Studies have shown that cognitive-behavioral therapy, group therapy, and exposure therapy, in such a way that the person gradually and continuously, under controlled conditions, copes with the traumatic event, can be useful.
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