چکیده:
This paper is a survey of recent contributions to and
developments in the relationship between efficiency and
productivity via the production function. The objective is to
provide a brief discussion on data and on the methods of
measuring efficiency and productivity. First, we introduce the
reader to the measurement of partial and total factor
productivity in the context of static and firm — specific
modeling. Second, we survey the econometric approach to
efficiency analysis. Third, the relationship between
productivity growth is reviewed.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Return to Scale, Total Factor Productivity , Technical Change, Panel Data, Stochastic Frontier 1- Introduction For several decades, productivity efficient and growth in production have been popular topics of both theoretical and empirical research.
2-2- Decomposition of TFP Growth Diewert (1981) classified the various measures of technical change into four groups: (i) econometric estimation of production and cost functions, (ii) Divisia indices, (iii) exact index numbers, and (iv) non parametric methods using linear programming.
The main advantage of using a parametric approach over the non-parametric approach of Divisia index is that by allowing for variable returns to scale one can decompose TFP growth into technical change, scale components (and in certain cases assuming flexible functional forms input and scale biases compon !1ts) as: TF P = TC + (RTS - I) , B.
The parametric time trend approach is generalized by Baltagi, Griffin and Rich ( 1995), Kumbhakar, Hcshmati and Hjalmarsson ( 1999) and Kurnbhakar, Nakamura and Hcshmati (2000) to incorporate firm-and time speci fie rate of technical change and scale components of TFP growth.
Bartelsman & Dams (2000) present another excellent review of research using longitudinal micro-data to measure productivity changes and to examine factors causing growth.
The literature on the estimation of frontier functions to measure economic efficiency of firms has been developed in different directions.
The different approaches of production, cost and profit frontiers are used to estimate the components of economic efficiency, i.
Second, the econometric approach to efficiency analysis is surveyed followed by a discussion of issues related to modeling and estimation methods.