چکیده:
قرآن کریم به عنوان جامعترین منشور زندگی بشری و نظامنامهی سعادت دنیوی و اخروی، اساسیترین منبع معرفت همهی صاحبان عقل سلیم است. فهم صحیح معارف راهگشایانه و آموزههای انسانساز این متن مقدس که در قالب همین زبان بشری پدیدآورندهی بهترین حیات انسانی است، از مهمترین مشغلههای دیرین قرآنپژوهان و اندیشمندان دین بوده و هست. بیشک مباحث سنتی علم بلاغت، به تنهایی بسندگی لازم در استخراج جنبههای زیباییشناسانه و تبیین معانی متمیزانهی قرآن را بهگونهای علمی و منتظم ندارد، بدین تصور نوشتار حاضر بر آن است تا با استفاده از دانش اساسا ساختاری زبانشناسی نوین که اهمیت چندانی برای شمّ زبانی قائل نیست، پارهای از بایستههای قرآنی را که موجب تعالی اخلاق فردی و اجتماعی انسانها بالاخص مسلمانان میشود، کشف و تحلیل نماید. بررسی دادههای قرآنی نشان داد که هر آیهای بر مفهومسازی معینی بنیاد نهاده شده است که فهم آیه میبایست بر اساس همان مفهومسازی انجام پذیرد. لذا در آیاتی که ظاهرا واژهای از جمله حذف شده است، و یا جایگزین واژهی دیگری شده و غیره، ضروری است آیه به همان حالت باقی بماند تا پیام اصلی نهفته در ورای آن بهدست آید، چه کلام الله مجید از طریق کاربست همین ساختارهای زبانی معانی متمیزانهای را در حوزههای مختلف زندگی بشری بهدست داده است. همچنین جایگزینی واژگانی، کاهش و افزایش هدفمند حجم کلام (ایجاز و اطناب)، کاربست ساختهای صرفی معنادار(شکل ساختواژی) و امثال آن، از جمله اختیارات متداول دستور هرزبانی بالاخص زبان عربی بهشمار میآید که درورای کاربست هریک از آنها در کلام مجید، بایستههای اخلاقی حیاتبخش و زندگیساز لطیفی نهفته است.
The holy Quran, as the most comprehensive charter of human life and the manual of worldly and the Hereafter bliss, is the most essential source of knowledge for all those who have common sense. The correct understanding of the promoting and humanistic teachings of this sacred text that, in the form of its very human language, is the originator of the best human life, has been and still is one of the most important occupations of Quranic scholars and researchers. Undoubtedly, the traditional potentials of rhetorics alone are not sufficient for extracting the aesthetic aspects of the Quran and explaining its distinct meanings in a scientific and systematic manner. Hence, the present article aims to discover and analyze some of the Quranic requirements that elevate individual and social ethics of human beings, especially Muslims, using the fundamentally structured knowledge of modern linguistics which does not consider linguistic intuition very important. The examination of the Quranic data revealed that each verse is focused on a certain type of conceptualization, and its understanding should be based on the same conceptualization. Therefore, in a verse in which one word has been apparently omitted, replaced another word, etc., it is necessary for the verse to remain as it is so that the main message latent in it can be extracted as the holy Quran has contributed distinct meanings to various spheres of human life through the application of these linguistic structures. Also, lexical substitution, deliberate reduction and increase in the volume of vocabulary (concision, verbosity), utilization of meaningful inflectional structures (word formation), etc. are among the most commonly used mechanisms of every grammar, especially Arabic grammar, and beyond the utilization of each one of them in the holy Quran, lie delicate, life-giving ethical requirements.
Keywords: linguistics, personal ethics, social ethics, the Quran, requirements.The holy Quran, as the most comprehensive charter of human life and the manual of worldly and the Hereafter bliss, is the most essential source of knowledge for all those who have common sense. The correct understanding of the promoting and humanistic teachings of this sacred text that, in the form of its very human language, is the originator of the best human life, has been and still is one of the most important occupations of Quranic scholars and researchers. Undoubtedly, the traditional potentials of rhetorics alone are not sufficient for extracting the aesthetic aspects of the Quran and explaining its distinct meanings in a scientific and systematic manner. Hence, the present article aims to discover and analyze some of the Quranic requirements that elevate individual and social ethics of human beings, especially Muslims, using the fundamentally structured knowledge of modern linguistics which does not consider linguistic intuition very important. The examination of the Quranic data revealed that each verse is focused on a certain type of conceptualization, and its understanding should be based on the same conceptualization. Therefore, in a verse in which one word has been apparently omitted, replaced another word, etc., it is necessary for the verse to remain as it is so that the main message latent in it can be extracted as the holy Quran has contributed distinct meanings to various spheres of human life through the application of these linguistic structures. Also, lexical substitution, deliberate reduction and increase in the volume of vocabulary (concision, verbosity), utilization of meaningful inflectional structures (word formation), etc. are among the most commonly used mechanisms of every grammar, especially Arabic grammar, and beyond the utilization of each one of them in the holy Quran, lie delicate, life-giving ethical requirements.
The holy Quran, as the most comprehensive charter of human life and the manual of worldly and the Hereafter bliss, is the most essential source of knowledge for all those who have common sense. The correct understanding of the promoting and humanistic teachings of this sacred text that, in the form of its very human language, is the originator of the best human life, has been and still is one of the most important occupations of Quranic scholars and researchers. Undoubtedly, the traditional potentials of rhetorics alone are not sufficient for extracting the aesthetic aspects of the Quran and explaining its distinct meanings in a scientific and systematic manner. Hence, the present article aims to discover and analyze some of the Quranic requirements that elevate individual and social ethics of human beings, especially Muslims, using the fundamentally structured knowledge of modern linguistics which does not consider linguistic intuition very important. The examination of the Quranic data revealed that each verse is focused on a certain type of conceptualization, and its understanding should be based on the same conceptualization. Therefore, in a verse in which one word has been apparently omitted, replaced another word, etc., it is necessary for the verse to remain as it is so that the main message latent in it can be extracted as the holy Quran has contributed distinct meanings to various spheres of human life through the application of these linguistic structures. Also, lexical substitution, deliberate reduction and increase in the volume of vocabulary (concision, verbosity), utilization of meaningful inflectional structures (word formation), etc. are among the most commonly used mechanisms of every grammar, especially Arabic grammar, and beyond the utilization of each one of them in the holy Quran, lie delicate, life-giving ethical requirements.