چکیده:
بررسی و تحلیل موانع توسعه ناوگان حملونقل عمومی در کلانشهر اهواز با تأکید بر موانع فیزیکی خودروها حملونقل عمومی نقش مهمی در کاهش مصرف انرژی و گازهای گلخانهای دارد و با کاهش خودروهای سواری شخصی، کاهش ازدحام اتومبیل و کاهش فواصل مسافرتی ناشی از استفاده از وسایل حملونقل عمومی میتوان میلیونها لیتر از بنزین را ذخیره کرد و از افزایش گازهای دیاکسید کربن جلوگیری کرد؛ اما در راستای دستیابی به این اهداف حملونقل عمومی با موانع متعدد اقتصادی، سیاسی – مدیریتی، زیرساختی و... روبهرو است؛ که موانع کالبدی از دیگر موانع قابل روئیت تر است و از میان مشکلات کالبدی موانع ناوگان حملونقل عمومی بهخصوص فیزیک خودروها بیشتر به چشم میآید. ازاینرو هدف این مقاله بررسی و تحلیل موانع توسعه ناوگان حملونقل عمومی در کلانشهر اهواز با تأکید بر موانع فیزیکی خودروهاست. اطلاعات موردنیاز تحقیق از طریق روش اسنادی، کتابخانهای، پیمایشی و مصاحبه با مردم و کارشناسان گردآوریشده است. جهت رتبهبندی موانع از روش تصمیمگیری ARAS و جهت پهنهبندی این موانع در سطح شهر از مدل کریجینگ استفادهشده است. نتایج نشان میدهد کیفیت پایین پرده، کیفیت پایین بهداشت داخل ناوگان و کیفیت پایین صندلی بیشترین موانع ناوگان حملونقل عمومی فعلی اهواز هستند. پهنهبندی این موانع نشان میدهد که بیشترین پهنههای شهر اهواز ازنظر ضعف سیستم سرمایشی – گرمایشی، ضعف تنوع ناوگان، ایمنی پایین، ضعف بهداشت محیط داخل، کمبود ناوگان، عدم تناسب با اقشار ضعیف، کیفیت پایین پرد و کیفیت پایین صندلی به ترتیب در طیف خیلی نامناسب، کمی مناسب، نسبتاً نامناسب، نسبتاً نامناسب، نسبتاً نامناسب، نامناسب، کاملاً نامناسب و نسبتاً نامناسب است.
Public transportation plays a significant role in decreasing energy consumption and greenhouse gases. By reducing private passenger vehicles, lowering vehicle traffics, and decreasing travel distances via public transport, millions of liters of gasoline can be saved and carbon dioxide emissions may be prevented. But in order to achieve these public transport goals, it faces numerous economic, political, managerial, infrastructure, and other barriers among which physical barriers are more tangible than others. Among the physical barriers to public transportation fleets, especially vehicles physics, are more prominent. The present study aims to investigate and analyze the barriers to public transportation fleet development in Ahvaz metropolis with emphasis on the physical barriers of the vehicles. The research data were collected through documentary, library, survey techniques, and interviewing with individuals and experts. The ARAS decision-making method was used to rank the barriers and the Kriging model to map these barriers to the city. The results showed that poor quality of curtains, poor hygiene quality interior the fleet, and poor seat quality are the most common barriers of the current Ahwaz public transportation fleet. Zoning these barriers illustrated that most of Ahvaz's zones in terms of air-conditioning, fleet variability, poor safety, poor hygiene quality interior the fleet, lack of fleet, no relevance with poor classes, and poor quality of curtain and set are in a spectrum ranging very inappropriate, slightly appropriate, relatively inappropriate, relatively inappropriate, relatively inappropriate, inappropriate, strongly inappropriate, and relatively inappropriate, relatively. Extended abstract Introduction: the public transport system plays a significant role in reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gases. By reducing private vehicles, vehicle congestion, and travel distances due to the use of public transport, millions of liters of gasoline can be stored and carbon dioxide emissions increased. However, in order to achieve these public transport objectives, it faces numerous economic, political, managerial, infrastructure, and other barriers. Public transport fleet in Ahvaz metropolis has a number of barriers that slow down the mode of public transport development. urban bus and taxi uses are two modes of motor travels in Ahvaz that need to be analyzed besides other infrastructural issues such as terminals, stations, urban arteries, parking lots, etc. The present paper aims to investigate and analyze the barriers to the development of the public transport system in Ahvaz metropolis with emphasis on the physical barriers of vehicles and assuming that the physical barriers of public transport vehicles vary across the city of Ahvaz. Answering the question what are the barriers to public transport in Ahwaz? And what is the distribution of these barriers across the city?, the present study is to evaluate and analyze these barriers and identify the significance factor of each one in order to prioritize these barriers in terms of effectiveness in Ahvaz transport planning and then zone each of these barriers at the city level and consequently zone Ahvaz as well. Methodology: the present study employed a theoretical-practical and descriptive-analytical research method. The research data was collected through documentary, library, and survey techniques and interviewing with citizens and experts of public transport. The statistical population consisted of citizens of the eight districts of Ahvaz city. The population included 1227009 citizens according to Ahvaz municipality statistics. Out of the statistical population, 387 individuals were selected as the sample according to the Cochran formula, which increased to 400 ones for higher validity and reliability. The sampling method in this study was disproportionate stratified sampling method, so that proportional to the population of each districts, a percentage of the total statistical sample was assigned to that area. In order to rank the physical barriers in each of the different transport infrastructures, the Expert Questionnaire was developed and distributed among 15 academic and executive experts in Ahvaz. Then, each of these barriers was ranked in different public transport modes of Ahvaz using the ARAS decision-making method. The Kriging interpolation model was used for zoning these barriers in Ahvaz using ARC GIS10.3 software. Results and discussion: The results indicated that poor quality of curtains and lack of shadows in fleet (Ge8), poor quality of internal health (Ge4) and low quality of seats (Ge7) are the most barriers and disproportionate to poor layers of society (Ge9), lack of fleet (Ge1) and existing fleet exhaustion (Ge2) are the bottom line of the Ahvaz public transport fleet barriers. In addition, these barriers in each bus and taxi fleet have a different effect size as the barriers of Ahvaz taxis are different from those of the buses. This difference is such a way that for taxi uses, lack of fleet (Ge1) and lack of fleet diversity (Ge8) were the highest barriers and existing fleet exhaustion (Ge2) is the lowest barrier to public transport development. But for bus fleet exhaustion (Ge2), weakness of cooling heating system (Ge3) and low safety (Ge5) are the most barriers, and proportionality with the poorest layers of society (Ge9), none of Ahvaz's public transport fleet enjoys diversity (Ge6). The zoning results also displayed that most of Ahwaz's zones are very inappropriate in terms of public transport fleet barriers. North of Ahvaz is more favorable than its south region, west of Ahvaz is more favorable than its east, and west and east of Ahvaz have higher dispersion of ranges than north and south. Districts 2, 4 and 7 are better off than other areas, but District 5 is more inappropriate than others. Conclusion: Public transport is one of the most important and prominent indicators to reach livable cities. In contrast to current cities with high vehicle dependency, many benefits include achieving pedestrian-oriented city, reducing traffic congestion, reducing fuel dependency, fossil fuels lower prices, safer trips, vegetation preservation, and the need for highways. But with many economic, political, managerial, infrastructural, and other barriers to achieving these public transport goals, physical barriers are visible than other obstacles. Among the problems the barriers to public transport fleet, especially the physics of cars, are increasingly apparent. Therefore, the public transport fleet in the metropolitan area of Ahwaz faces a series of obstacles that slow down access to public transport development. Urban arteries, parking lots, and cars themselves have a number of problems that need to be investigated. Along with other physical issues, there are many problems with the physics of automobiles that in addition to reducing citizens' willingness to use them have made the city's public transport inefficient. This also doubles the necessity of doing this research. After identifying the status of the various modes of public transport, we prioritized these barriers in each of the various modes of public transport to determine which barriers to the public transport fleet were most likely. The importance of this prioritization is that the concerned organizations are not capable of removing these barriers in one place and that these barriers are dealt with at a cross-sectional and at different times.