چکیده:
The relationship between religion and modernity is one of the important topics in the field of religious studies. One of the most important theories proposed in this regard is Mostafa Malekian's theory of rationality and spirituality. This theory, by prioritizing the unavoidable components of modernity in facing traditional religion, compares these components with the main characteristics of traditional religion and concludes that there is a conflict between the two, deeming the traditional understanding of religion in the modern world ineffective. In a positive aspect, this theory introduces a new understanding of religion that is compatible with the components of modernity. In this article, we attempt to provide a clear and transparent picture of this perspective using numerous reports provided on this theory over the past 13 years. Then, we proceed to analyze this theory and finally state its pillars and one of its requirements. The pillars of this theory are: rationality, spirituality, ideal life, and authentic life. Also, a requirement of this theory is the denial of traditional religion, although its theorist does not accept such a requirement.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Analysis of the Theory of Rationality and Spirituality * Hadi Sadeghi ** Vahid Sohrabifar Abstract The relationship between religion and modernity is one of the important subjects in the field of religious studies.
In this debate, one of the main questions is whether, given the characteristics that exist in the new world, religion can still be a guide for humans in the space of modernity, or whether it can alleviate their sufferings and pains?
From Malekian's perspective, some of the unavoidable characteristics of modernity are: being argumentative, distrust of history, being here-and-now, the instability of comprehensive and heavy metaphysics, desacralization, and non-discontinuity (ibid: 274-289).
" From Malekian's perspective, the characteristic of rationality in modern humans is not compatible with the characteristic of devotion (ta'abbud) that exists in traditional religions.
The theory of rationality and spirituality is actually an approach in which the attempt is made to reduce human sufferings and pains as much as possible, meaning to the extent that is within the scope of human choice (ibid, 1389: 79).
Spirituality As stated in the first part of the article, given that from Malekian's perspective, the acceptance of traditional religion in the modern world has problems, we are in need of a new understanding of religion.
From Malekian's view, traditional religion cannot be separated from devotion, whereas in the theory of rationality and spirituality, humans are called to reasoning.
Since from Malekian's perspective, some characteristics of traditional religion are not compatible with the unavoidable components of modernity, he rules there is a contradiction between the two.
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