چکیده:
Language is a factor that connects members of society and is a social and dynamic institution that, like other institutions, is constantly undergoing change; with the passage of time and changes in social structure, it undergoes transformation. Lexicography is an effort aimed at recording these changes to facilitate the understanding of the language of predecessors and to prevent cultural rupture. Spatial distance, temporal dimension, and the influence of foreign forces in the domain of a language are among the facilitating factors for lexicography. Under the influence of three factors: the Arab invasion and the expansion of Islam; the Turkish invasion and the entry of Turkish language elements into Persian; and the expansion of the domain of Persian language usage outside its original territory, the bilingual and trilingual lexicography of Persian - Arabic - Turkish flourished. In this discourse, this lexicographical movement will be introduced and investigated, especially the Persian - Turkish domain, which has been less researched.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Lexicography in the Turkish language, Lexicography (bilingual and trilingual), Poetic dictionary or syllabus 1 Assistant Professor of Persian Language and Literature, Arak University Introduction: In such a view, it seems that three factors have accelerated the flow of lexicography: The first factor: spatial distance; in the ancient world, where there was no news of printing, publishing, or reading groups in the modern sense, and the oral form prevailed over the written form, the expansion of the geographical domain of speakers of a language and the change in the domain of influence and prevalence of a language; made lexicography mandatory, which is itself one of the reasons for the change in style in works of the Persian language.
Prose dictionaries, which are more detailed in terms of vocabulary volume than manuals, can be divided into several groups based on which of the two or three languages (Persian, Turkish, and Arabic) are considered the source and which the target.
As an example, in the introduction of Diwan Lughat al-Turk, these topics are raised: Praise of God Almighty, eulogy of the Prophet, the necessity of learning the Turkish language, the author's research regarding the Turks and their dialects, dedication of the work to an Abbasid Caliph; working method: dividing the dictionary into eight books, each book into two parts (nouns and verbs) and placing the noun section before the verb, following the structure of the Arabic language in selecting entries, providing illustrative examples from poems and Turkish proverbs, discourses regarding the letters of the Turkish language, rules of deriving nouns from verbs, the structure of chapter, adjective, infinitive, tribes of the Turks, Turkish languages, and the transformation of their dialects.
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