چکیده:
The purpose of preparing this article is to examine the existing risks in infrastructure investment projects and provide some solutions for controlling or mitigating them. Generally, the risks present in the process of such investment projects have an internal origin. These unwanted internal fluctuations are mainly caused by misalignment between the program, goal, and performance of the subsidiary systems of the company in question, and the most fundamental tool available to reduce and control them is appropriate contractual structures. At times, their origin is outside the enterprise, and the source of some of these unexpected environmental fluctuations may not be well known. By examining these risks, this article explains the position of risk management in infrastructure investment projects and, as a result, can be useful in providing better insurance policies and avoiding the acceptance of inappropriate coverages for insurance companies.
خلاصه ماشینی:
These unwanted internal fluctuations are mainly caused by misalignment between the program, goal, and performance of the subsidiary systems of the company in question, and the most essential tool available to reduce and control them is appropriate contractual structures, in such a way that with the appropriate sharing of risk and benefits arising from the investment (in the form of obtaining guarantees, deposits, and partnership in ownership), sufficient incentive is created for the contracting parties so that they have greater enthusiasm for reducing errors and providing efficient and effective (productive) performance.
This increase in risk at the international level on one hand, and the lack of many tools for controlling and reducing risk in the capital markets of developing countries on the other hand, has made the need for the government's presence in contracts for such infrastructure projects more prominent in the form of a guarantor (usually at low costs), which in fact reduces some of the costs related to capital risk.
(Table 8) Table 8: Parastatal Performance Risk Type of Risk\Causing Factor\Type of Potential Loss Parastatal Performance Risk \Failure to fulfill commitments by regulatory institutions and state-owned companies\Cost risk and revenue risk Risk Management Based on Risk Sharing or Coverage Concept of Risk Management: Risk management can be defined in a short phrase as: "Identifying the factors that create uncertainty in achieving pre-determined objectives for an activity and selecting or creating effective solutions and tools to control, reduce, and cover uncertainty.
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