چکیده:
اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﺔ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ رواﻧﻲ، ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﻲ و ﻫﻮش ﻫﻴﺠﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻲ و ﻏﻴﺮﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻲ اﺳﺘﺎنﻛﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻋﻠﻲ – ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ای و ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﻴﺪاﻧﻲ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ آﻣﺎری ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن اﺳﺘﺎن ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه)279 ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻲ و 4582 ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻏﻴﺮﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻲ( ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮای ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻴﺮی از روش ﺧﻮﺷﻪ ای ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ای اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ.ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺟﺪول ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻴﺮی ﻣﻮرﮔﺎن 082 ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻲ و 053 ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻏﻴﺮﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮایﺟﻤﻊآوری اﻃﻼﻋﺎت از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﺔ دﻣﻮﮔﺮاﻓﻴﻚ، ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﺔ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ رواﻧﻲ ) ،(GHQﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﺔ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﻲ )63- (SFو ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﺔﻫﻮش ﻫﻴﺠﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺮدﺑﺮی و ﮔﺮﻳﻮز اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت از آﻣﺎر ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻔﻲ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ آﻣﺎر اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞآزﻣﻮن ﻛﺎﻟﻤﻮﮔﺮوف – اﺳﻤﻴﺮﻧﻮف و آزﻣﻮن tﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﻲداری ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﻲ و اﺑﻌﺎد آندر ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖﺑﺪﻧﻲ و ﻏﻴﺮﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖﺑﺪﻧﻲ وﺟﻮد دارد )50/0 < (Pو ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﻲداری ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﻼﻣﺖرواﻧﻲ و اﺑﻌﺎد آن در ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖﺑﺪﻧﻲ و ﻏﻴﺮﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖﺑﺪﻧﻲ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ )50/0< .(Pﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﻲداری ﺑﻴﻦ ﻫﻮش ﻫﻴﺠﺎﻧﻲ و اﺑﻌﺎد آن در ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖﺑﺪﻧﻲ وﻏﻴﺮﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻲ وﺟﻮد دارد )50/0< .(Pدر ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎی ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ، ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻧﻤﺮه ﻫﺎی ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻲ درﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻏﻴﺮﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖﺑﺪﻧﻲ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد. ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻛﻠﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان اذﻋﺎن داﺷﺖ ﻛﻪ درﮔﻴﺮی ﻓﻌﺎل در ورزش و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎی ﺑﺪﻧﻲ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﻲ در ارﺗﻘﺎی ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ رواﻧﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ رواﻧﻲ، ﻫﻮش ﻫﻴﺠﺎﻧﻲ و ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﻲ دارد.
The aim of this study was to compare mental health, quality of life and emotional intelligence in physical education teachers and non-physical education teachers in Kermanshah. This study was carried out by a causal-comparative and field method. The statistical population of this study comprised all the teachers of Kermanshah (972 physical education teachers and 2854 non-physical education teachers). Morgan table determined 280 physical education teachers and 350 non-physical education teachers as the sample. In order to collect the data, demographic characteristics questionnaire, General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), Quality of life Questionnaire (SF-36) and Bradbury and Grays’ Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire were used. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics such as independent sample t test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test were used to analyze the data. The results revealed a significant difference in quality of life and the components between physical education teachers and non-physical education teachers (P<0.005), in emotional intelligence and the components (P<0.005) and in mental health and the components (P<0.005). In most of the factors, physical education teachers received higher mean scores than non-physical education teachers. Generally, it can be concluded that physical activity can probably improve mental factors such as mental health, quality of life and emotional intelligence.
خلاصه ماشینی:
1 - Quality of life )2 - World Health Organization Quality of life (WHOQOL ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﺔ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ رواﻧﻲ، ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﻲ و ﻫﻮش ﻫﻴﺠﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻲ و ﻏﻴﺮﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻲ اﺳﺘﺎن ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه 55 در زﻣﻴﻨﺔ ورزش و ﺳﻼﻣﺖ رواﻧﻲ1 ، ﻗﺒﻼ ﺗﺼﻮر ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﺑﺮ اﻳﻦ ﺑﻮد ﻛﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ورزﺷﻲ ﺑﺮای ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ اﺳﺖ.
1 - Brown 2 - Rodrigue, Cader & Torres 3 - Gillison,Suzanne & Sato 4 - Sonya, Watanabe & Baracos 5 - Courneya,Tamburrini & Woolcott 6 - Mavrovouniotis, Argiriadou & Papaioannou ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﺔ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ رواﻧﻲ، ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﻲ و ﻫﻮش ﻫﻴﺠﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻲ و ﻏﻴﺮﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻲ اﺳﺘﺎن ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه 95 اﺳﺪی و اﺣﻤﺪی )9731( در ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ رﺳﻴﺪﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان ورزﺷﻜﺎر و ﻏﻴﺮورزﺷﻜﺎر در ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ رواﻧﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ »ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﻲ«، »اﺿﻄﺮاب و اﺧﺘﻼل ﺧﻮاب«، »ﻛﺎرﻛﺮد اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ« و»اﻓﺴﺮدﮔﻲ« ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﻲ داری وﺟﻮد دارد و در ﻫﻤﺔ ﻣﻮارد ﺑﺮﺗﺮی ﺑﺎ داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان ورزﺷﻜﺎر ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ و اﻳﻦ داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان ﻏﻴﺮورزﺷﻜﺎر، وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺑﻬﺘﺮی داﺷﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ )2(.
1 - Bradbury & Gravies 2 - General Health Questionnaire ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﺔ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ رواﻧﻲ، ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﻲ و ﻫﻮش ﻫﻴﺠﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻲ و ﻏﻴﺮﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻲ اﺳﺘﺎن ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه 36 ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ و ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎی ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺳﻨﻲ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎی ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ 42/53 ﺑﺎ اﻧﺤﺮاف ﻣﻌﻴﺎر 33/4 ﺑﻮد.