چکیده:
This study aims to present an accessible model of some frequent nonfinite adverbial types occurring in English prose fiction. As its main syntactic argument، it recognizes that these adverbials are mostly elliptical in that there are some dependent-clause markers one can assume to be implicit when supplying those elements back into the clause complex. Some comments are provided at the end on the interfaces existing between these adverbials and other systems and forces in language. These marry up with linguistic and discursive concepts like rank-shifting، necessary indeterminacy، and ambiguity as an integral part of literary semiosis، figures of speech، stylistic parallelism، cohesion، and so on. This study affords better and deeper insights into the nature of the clause and the creative verbal play brought off in natural situations of use. It also has implications for advanced students and teachers of English، program/syllabus designers and evaluators، linguists، and applied linguists.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Introduction The text of fictional narratives in English deploys a large array of hypotactic and paratactic clause complex types (Halliday & Matthiessen, 2004) in which a commensurate range of adverbials are used.
These groupings of adverbials appear to be intertexts: Textual, discoursal, and stylistic devices and patterns that are semiotic resources for meaning-making available to and used by discursive genre-creating practices of the authors subscribing to those genres, in the light of the fact that they belong to different time periods and have produced written works in different contexts.
2. Theoretical Background Various sources engaged, one way or another, with some form of systemic functional linguistics (SFL); for example, Halliday and Matthiessen (2004), Thompson (2004), Wright and Hope (1996), Eggins (1994), Martin et al.
To put it in different terms, this study aims to look at what lies outside the SVO pattern in the structure of the clause in prose fiction when it is NOT accompanied by explicit markers of (to use the traditional term) dependent clause status and consider it collectively as the adverbial element.
For purposes of illustration and before looking at actual instances of this type in samples of novels, here is an invented example picking up the same main clause as in the invented introductory examples above, but using a past participle as nonfinite elliptical adverbial: I knocked on John's door, filled with hatred toward Jack.