Abstract:
ﻣﻨﻈﻮر از اﻧﮕﯿﺰش اﺷﺘﻬﺎﯾﯽ، ﮐﺸﺎﻧﻨﺪة ﺧﻮردن ﺑﺮای ﻟﺬتﺑﺮدن در ﺣﺎﻟﺘﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻓﺮد ﮔﺮﺳﻨﻪ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﮥ زﻧﺎن و ﻣﺮدان دارای اﻧﮕﯿﺰش اﺷﺘﻬﺎﯾﯽ زﯾﺎد و ﮐﻢ، از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺎزداری از ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻃﺮح ﻋﻠّﯽ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪای اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺻﻮرت ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﯿﺰان اﻧﮕﯿﺰش اﺷﺘﻬﺎﯾﯽ 1300 ﻧﻔﺮ از داﻧﺸﺠـﻮﯾـﺎن داوﻃﻠـﺐ از ﻃﺮﯾـﻖ ﻣﻘﯿـﺎس ﻗـﺪرت ﻏـﺬاpfs , 59 ﻧﻔﺮ از زﻧﺎن و ﻣﺮدان ﺳﺎﻟﻢ و دارای وزن ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﭘـﺲ از ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ، در دو ﮔﺮوه دارای اﻧﮕﯿﺰش اﺷﺘﻬﺎﯾﯽ زﯾـﺎد و ﮐـﻢ ، ﺟﺎی داده ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻣﯿـﺰان ﺑـﺎزداری اﯾـﻦ اﻓـﺮاد ﺑـﻪ وﺳـﯿﻠﮥ ﺗﮑﻠﯿﻒ ﺑﺮو/ ﻧﺮو در ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ و ﻏﯿﺮﻏﺬاﯾﯽ اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮی ﺷﺪ. آزﻣﻮن ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وارﯾـﺎﻧﺲ ﻋـﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﻧﺸـﺎن داد ﮐـﻪ زﻧـﺎن دارای اﻧﮕﯿــﺰش اﺷــﺘﻬﺎﯾﯽ زﯾــﺎد در ﺗﺼــﺎوﯾﺮ ﻏــﺬاﯾﯽ ، در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ ﻏﯿﺮﻏـﺬاﯾﯽ ، ﺧﻄـﺎی »ﻧـﺮو ی« ﺑﯿﺸـﺘﺮی دارﻧﺪ. ﮐﻤﺘﺮﺑﻮدن ﺑﺎزداری در زﻧﺎن دارای اﻧﮕﯿﺰش اﺷﺘﻬﺎﯾﯽ زﯾــﺎد ﻣﻤﮑــﻦ اﺳــﺖ ﺑــﻪ دﻟﯿــﻞ ﺗﺤﺮﯾــﮏ ﺑﯿﺸــﺘﺮ اﻧﮕﯿــﺰش اﺷﺘﻬﺎﯾﯽ آﻧﻬﺎ در روﯾﺎروﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
Appetitive motivation is the drive to eat to obtain pleasure in the absence of . The present study aimed to compare women and men with high and low appetitive motivation in terms of inhibition to food cues. Utilizing a causal-comparative design، fifty-nine healthy and normal weight students with high and low scores in the Power of Food Scale (PFS)، who were selected from 1300 students، performed a go/no-go task of food and non-food related pic- tures to measure inhibition. Factorial ANOVA showed that women with high appetitive motivation had higher commission errors in exposure to food pictures than non-food pictures. Decreased inhibition in women with high appetitive motivation could be the result of food cues that overstimulate appetitive motivation.
Machine summary:
شـايد بـه همـين دليـل هـم باشـد کـه 1- obesity 2- overweight 3- Stevens 4- Wang 5- Beydoun 6- general health 7- Chan 8- Woo 9- Kopelman 10- Mitchell 11- Catenacci 12- Wyatt 13- Hill 14- availability 15- Westerterp 16- Speakman 10 ١٩٨٦).
بازداري ٣٠ يکي از اين کنش هاي شناختي ٣١ است که ميتواند بـا خـوردن 1- externality theory 2- external eating behavior 3- hedonic hunger construct 4- Schachter 5- Lowe 6- Butryn 7- Van Strien 8- Frijters 9- Bergers 10- Defares 11- pleasure 12- appetitive motivation 13- hedonic hunger 14- physiological hunger 15- Harris 16- Bargh 17- Brownell 18- appetite 19- behavioral differences 20- physiological differences 21- appetitive vulnerability 22- Van Steenburgh 23- Ochner 24- Coletta 25- reduced cognitive functioning 26- Smith 27- Hay 28- Campbell 29- Trollor 30- inhibition 31- cognitive functions پژوهشهاي روانشناختي ، ١٣٩٦ ٢٠١٨ ,Psychological Research و چاقي ارتباط داشته باشـد (َاپلهـانس ١، ٢٠٠٩؛ گارسيـا ـ گارسيا٢ و همکاران ، ٢٠١٣).
انتخـاب افـرادِ داراي وزن طبيعي ميتواند تأثير احتمالي وزن را در اين رابطه خنثي کند، چون ممکـن اسـت وزنِ زيـاد 1- Appelhans 2- García‐García 3- Kanoski 4- Davidson 5- diet 6- overeating 7- deliberate ability 8- automatic and prepotent responses 9- go/no-go task 10- Donkers 11- Van Boxtel 12- Nederkoorn 13- Coelho 14- Guerrieri 15- Houben 16- Jansen 17- Batterink 18- Yokum 19- Stice 20- Lokken 21- Boeka 22- Austin 23- Gunstad 24- Harmon 25- task content 26- food stimuli موجب کاهش بازداري شود.