Abstract:
هدف از پژوهش حاضر تعیین تأثیر خستگی مرکزی و محیطی بر سرعت و دقت شوت بازیکنان هندبال بود. بدین منظور 16 بازیکن دختر تیم هندبال دانشگاه تهران (با میانگین سنی4±23) در پژوهش حاضر شرکت داشتند.ابتدا پیش آزمون سرعت و دقت شوت هندبال زین در 11کوشش متوالی از شرکت کنندگان گرفته شد. سپس به طور تصادفی به دو گروه خستگی مرکزی و محیطی تقسیم شدند. گروه خستگی محیطی تحت 2 ساعت تمرین پرفشار بدنی و گروه خستگی مرکزی به وسیلة آزمون استروپ تحت خستگی ذهنی قرار گرفتند.در نهایت پس آزمون گرفته شد. نتایج تی وابسته نشان داد که خستگی مرکزی باعث کاهش معنادار دقت شد (028/0=P) اما تأثیر معناداری بر سرعت شوت نداشت (691/0=P). در حالی که، خستگی محیطی موجب کاهش سرعت شوت بازیکنان شده (016/0=P) و تأثیر معناداری بر دقت شوت نداشت(415/0=P). همچنین، نتایج تی مستقل نشان داد که بین سرعت شوت دو گروه در پس آزمون تفاوت معناداری وجود داشت(024/0=P) اما در دقت شوت تفاوت معناداری بین گروه ها مشاهده نشد(762/0=P). با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده، پیشنهاد میشود مربیان توجه کافی به صرف انرژی بهینه داشته باشند و استراتژی های مناسبی را هنگام خستگی مرکزی به منظور پیشگیری از تحلیل دقت شوت و خستگی محیطی به دلیل افت سرعت شوت اتخاذ کنند.
Fatigue is one of the factors affecting the performance of athletes. By understanding the consequences and impact of fatigue on the performance of individuals, certain considerations can be taken into account to prevent it during exercises. Therefore, knowing what an athlete goes through while experiencing central and peripheral fatigue can be the key to success for coaches. Thus, the present study aims to determine the effect of central and peripheral fatigue on throwing accuracy and velocity of handball players. To this purpose, 16 female players of University of Tehran Handball team (with the average age of 23±4) were selected to participate in the study. Giving their informed consent and filling the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory questionnaire, participants took throwing accuracy and velocity pre-test for 11 times consecutively. Thereafter, they were assigned into two groups randomly: central fatigue group and peripheral fatigue group. Two-hour high-intensity physical exercise was used for the peripheral fatigue group and Stroop task was used for central fatigue group to induce mental fatigue. After the given intervention, post-test was conducted similar to the pre-test. Results of 2×2 compound variance of velocity variable indicated that main effect of test (P = 0.021) and interaction effect between group and test (P = 0.01) were significant. However, main effect of group (P = 0.19) was non-significant.
Machine summary:
به علاوه، در پژوهشی روی بازیکنان هندبال نشان داده شد که هر دو متغیر سرعت و دقت پرتاب تحت تأثیر خستگی محیطی قرار میگیرند؛ با این حال عنوان شد این کاهش عملکرد، زمانی آغاز میشود که مقدار خستگی فیزیولوژیک زیاد و بسیار زیاد باشد (نانو و همکاران، 2016).
. ارجاعدهي Investigating the Factors Influencing Improvement of Socially Desirable Behavior of Women with Emphasis on Public Sport V.
Arabi2, and Sh. Alam3 Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Management, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran (Corresponding Author) PhD student, Sport Management, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar Branch, Shoushtar, Iran Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Management, Imam Khomeini Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Abstract The present study was conducted to investigate the factors influencing improvement of socially desirable behavior of women with emphasis on public sport.
Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the factors affecting the improvement of social desirable behavior of women with emphasis on public sport.
What are the factors affecting the improvement of social desirable behavior of women with emphasis on public sport?
A researcher-made questionnaire was used to investigate the factors affecting the improvement of social desirable behavior of women with emphasis on public sport.
The results showed that all of them were significantly influenced to improve social desirable behavior of women with emphasis on public sport, motivational, emotional, social, individual, scientific and cultural factors.
Conclusion The present study also revealed that among the identified factors, social factors are the second most important factor in improving social desirable behavior of women with emphasis on public sport.