Abstract:
Comparative literature is one of the most important topics in literary research, it can show the mutual influence of literature between different countries. On the other hand, the story and storytelling are the most important elements of literature, and knowing the elements of the story will lead to a better understanding of it. In this article, an attempt has been made to examine the differences and commonalities in the style and elements of the story with comparative study in the story elements of the first collection of short stories by two writers from Iran and Syria, "The Quenched Fire [Atash-e Khamoosh]" by Simin Daneshvar and "Maraya al-nas [People's Mirrors]" by Widad Sakakini. The ancient literature in Iran and Syria is connected with the concept of storytelling and anecdote, and both countries simultaneously got familiar with the phenomenon of short story as a contemporary literary type. Storytelling experiences in these two countries began with male writers, but eventually, women writers joined the ranks. In Iran in 1948, Simin Daneshvar published her collection "The Quenched Fire [Atash-e Khamoosh]", which was the first collection of persian short stories written by a woman, gave the hope for the emergence of a female storyteller. In Syria, the pioneer of story writing among women was widad Sakakini, who first published her stories in the weekly story column in some magazines, and then published her first collection of stories, Maraya al-Nas (Mirrors of the People) in 1945/1324. Among the first collection of short stories by women writers in Iran and Syria, there are many commonalities that indicate special story writing in the period of essay writing and report writing, and they have benefited less from the practical techniques of artistic short stories, but they are very important; Because they are among the pioneers of short stories and have made a great impact on story.
Machine summary:
A Comparative Study of Story Elements in the Short Stories of 'Smoked Fire' by Simin Daneshvar and 'Mirrors of the People' by Wadad Sakakini 2 Mahmood Fazilat 1 | Diana Al-Mahmoud 1.
In this article, an attempt has been made to examine the similarities and differences in style and story elements by comparatively studying the story elements in the first collection of short stories by two female writers in Iran and Syria, namely 'Smoked Fire' by Simin Daneshvar and 'Mirrors of the People' by Wadad Sakakini.
On the other hand, readers' impatience with reading long and time-consuming writings and the increase in collections of stories consisting of several short stories have made the short story one of the most prominent literary genres today, and this is while prose writings, due to their structure and linguistic construction, do not have as much power to reflect all social emotions (Mirabedini, 1386: 777); Therefore, to examine fictional literature, it is necessary to work with great precision and a comprehensive look, especially if the researcher intends to simultaneously examine the subject and apply other famous works by two prominent and well-known writers from two different countries and nations.
Considering the study of the works of both authors and knowing that the main characters of their stories are mostly women, it can be concluded that Daneshvar, in comparison to Sakakini, uses long and precise descriptions in expressing the realities of society through short stories in order to get closer to her goal of establishing a direct connection with social, historical, and political realities.
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