Abstract:
The Ash'arites and most Mu'tazilites consider the appointment of the Imam to be religiously obligatory for the people. Based on this, their interpretation of the necessity of Imamate has two conditions: firstly, they consider the obligation to be religious (shari'a) and not rational ('aqli), and secondly, they consider it to be of the type of "obligation upon the people." They have used evidence to prove this claim. In this article, some of the Imami evidence for the obligation of appointing an Imam by God are explained, such as: 1. The rule of the possibility of the most noble; 2. The need of Sharia for a guardian; 3. The intermediary of grace; 4. General guidance and completion of proof; and 5. The rule of grace. Then, some of Fakhr al-Razi's arguments for the obligation of appointing an Imam by the people are stated, such as: 1. The Imam prevents harm to the self; 2. Appointing an Imam is a prerequisite for absolute obligations. It has been tried to explain the insufficiency of Fakhr al-Razi's arguments and to defend the completeness of the Imami evidence.
Machine summary:
Undoubtedly, a religion with such characteristics requires a reliable guardian to transmit it to subsequent generations without alteration, otherwise two invalid consequences will result, because if the entire Sharia does not reach later generations through a reliable channel, the people of that time will not be sure of receiving the entire Sharia; in this case, if it is said that they must be religiously bound to the entire Sharia, the obligation Every type that is such will precede other types in terms of existential rank) is the same principle of the priority of the most perfect possible being, which has been proven in its place, so what now needs to be proven is the first premise, which is whether the type of prophet and Imam is a higher and noble type or not?
Definition and Types of Grace in Theological Terminology Grace in theological terminology is considered one of the attributes of divine actions, meaning actions related to those who are obligated; therefore, the subject of the principle of grace in Kalam is the examination of God’s actions towards His servants, and the purpose of it is that God does whatever causes the servants to incline towards obedience and distance themselves from disobedience, as will be explained.
Conclusion The Imami arguments for the obligation of appointing an Imam upon God Almighty, such as the principle of the possibility of the most perfect, the need of the Sharia for a guardian, the intermediary of grace, general guidance, and the completion of proof, and the principle of grace, are all complete.
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