Abstract:
The present paper is an attempt to offer a futuristic cultural policymaking model through reviewing the well-known public policymaking models by synergizing them and studying their weak and strong points in the culturalfield. In fact، by using models، one can determine the process of policymaking and method of their application in making policies. In Iran، the Supreme Council of Cultural Revolution is in charge of regulation and formulation of cultural policies. In the present study، relying on field reseatch and exploratory study، the models and processes of policymaking of the said Council have been studied and a policymaking model in this field has been proposed. Hence، this study is descriptive and inductive and also attempts have been made to design a model for policymaking. With regard to its theoretical issues، librarymethod has been used; for analysis of policies and the model of research، the techniques of policy analysis and content analysis has been employed. Macro policies of the Supreme Council of Cultural Revolution in the field of culture have been analyzed and on the basis of operational definitions and indexes taken from the existing models، the trend of preparation and formulation of related policies have been studied to identify the used model.
Machine summary:
Table 1: Indicators and operational definitions of policymaking models Model Type Main Indicators Operational Definition 1) Elites: Social-cultural consensus (not just the ruling political elites) on the fundamental assumptions of society Formulation of policies by political elites, in consultation with relevant experts, and transferring them to the masses To formulate the country's cultural vision and formulate policy; presence of specific goals and preferences, a holistic and long-term perspective, the necessity of having relatively complete information 2) Rationality: Human-economic rationality; cost-benefit analysis of all proposals and solutions (rationality in contrast to social human, centralized, after reviewing all aspects of the issue and selecting the best absolute) technocratic, applicable especially at organizational, micro, and technical levels that have rapid, revolutionary, or accelerated changes Human-administrative rationality as opposed to economic, whose goals are within the framework of organizations and limited systems, maintaining the status quo, focusing on results of policy formulation with limited information and considering small, gradual changes, continuous and gradual reforms, short-term social and cultural preferences and interests 3) Social Rationality: Gradual, practical exercise with the aim of solving the problem alongside economic profit and loss by the administrative human, through trial and error, having a conservative nature, seeking an adequate and satisfactory solution rather than an optimal one and exploratory; creative, not based on past performances, therefore they have low innovation Creative) compromise must be created between the problem and the environment, 4) Anarchic: High number of actors, greater importance of stages and a process-oriented approach forming a cycle or process that gives policymaking importance relative to content, which includes several other activities and stages; organized anarchy, ambiguity in priorities (the organization finds its priority in action), policymaking in a very ambiguous and disorganized state 5) Institutional: Ensuring policy legitimacy by the state; participation of governmental and non-governmental institutions in the design and formulation of policy, more participation in implementation and enforcement, and monitoring policy formulation 6) Institutional: Policy formulation by institutions for the purpose of securing their desired interests and achieving their demands through the participation of institutions, increased participation in implementation and enforcement, and monitoring policy formulation 7) Pluralistic: Existence of various currents in policymaking; opening windows for solving problems; policymaking is a multi-level, integrated, and systemic process resulting from the interaction of currents, comprehensiveness and systematicity, which is the result of the interaction of three currents: political determination, issues and policies, and the intensity and weakness of currents 8) Political: A good policy is one where the actors on the policymaking stage reach an agreement through power games, politics, and the activities of power holders regarding it, without there being a guarantee that the said decision is the best and most logical way to reach the purpose and goal.
(
, 
, 
)
