Abstract:
In recent decades, challenges such as disease, immigration, human rights, environmental issues, digital currencies, terrorism, drug trafficking, cyberspace, etc. have led to the transition of International policy challenges to world politics. These issues are one of the most important fields of study in the field of international relations. Understanding this transition depends on formulating these challenges. The main question of this research is: How can the challenges and issues of global politics be formulated? It seems that the presentation of a new formulation of challenges and issues of global politics based on the three components of "human", "biosphere" and "human-biosphere relationship" leads to a new perspective in which the multiplicity of actors And the impact and role of each of them is explained at the level of "global politics" analysis. In the present study, an attempt is made to provide a new and specific format and understanding of world politics with a descriptive and analytical method and collection tools such as library method in order to provide a new and specific formulation compared to the existing formulations.
Machine summary:
Brian White 6, Richard Little 7, and Michael Smith 8, in the book "Issues in World Politics"9, attempted to examine topics and issues that have crossed territorial borders, especially those that were placed on the international agenda with the collapse of the bipolar system and the end of the Cold War; however, they have not provided a formulation of global issues and challenges.
New challenges and issues led to the emergence of a new approach called world politics, which, with a focus on globalization and its expansion in various fields of human social life, outlines a global system that has a serious difference from the international system based on the nation-state system.
The issues, challenges, and topics of world politics can be divided into three categories: first, what pertains to the human; the human as an individual possesses values, interests, and ideals; in addition to the issue of values, the issue of their body and what pertains to their material affairs, such as disease, health, and migration, is also included; second, the biosphere; the world in which they live, where environmental issues including air and space, water, soil, and forest are examined; and in the third part, from the interaction of the first two parts, issues such as peace, security and war, trade and finance, new technologies, poverty and development, and terrorism are examined.
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