Abstract:
Iran has had close communications and ties with the Arab world since ancient times. During the second Pahlavi period, relations between Iran and conservative Arab countries expanded with a Western focus, and Iran and Saudi Arabia played an important role in ensuring the security of the Persian Gulf within the framework of Nixon's détente policy. With the occurrence of the Islamic Revolution and the change in the positions of the Islamic Republic of Iran, these relations transformed, and conservative Arab countries became concerned about the expansion of the Islamic Revolution to their own countries. The occurrence of the imposed war of Iraq against Iran and the support of conservative Arab countries for Saddam was in line with containing the waves of the Islamic Revolution. Of course, during this period, the countries of Syria, Libya, and Algeria refrained from supporting Iraq. With the end of the imposed war and Iraq's attack on Kuwait, the past alignments of the Arab world were disrupted. Subsequent developments such as the September 11 events, the US attack on Iraq and the rise of a Shia-majority government with the fall of Saddam, and Iran's peaceful nuclear program, changed the positions of the Arab world towards Iran and, conversely, the positions of the Islamic Republic of Iran towards the Arab world. The aim of the present article, which has been conducted using a descriptive-analytical method, is to examine Iran's positions regarding the issues of the Arab world. Given the lack of integrity in the Arab world, the Islamic Republic of Iran has held different positions towards Arab crises. Iran has taken a decisive position on Iranian-Arab issues, relative neutrality in crises within the Arab world, support for Shias in internal Arab crises where they were on one side, and solidarity and cooperation with Arabs in the face of crises in the Arab and non-Arab worlds.
Machine summary:
The Islamic Revolution and the fall of the Pahlavi regime caused Iran to exit the Western bloc and choose an independent path in foreign policy, as well as a shift in the strategic equations of the region; therefore, many Arab countries gained greater importance for the West and the United States, and this matter had a significant impact on their politics and political approach in toward Iran and vice versa also had a significant impact.
For this reason, these countries took opposing positions against the Islamic Revolution of Iran, which they perceived as a threat to the security of their political systems; however, the existence of certain common points such as history, religion, and values on one hand, and the requirements of maintaining good political, social, and economic relations due to proximity and being located in a single region, group, and national interests on the other hand, has caused both sides to seek, within their capabilities, to observe good neighborliness and avoid tension in the direction of resolving differences.
For example, Egypt, by concluding its peace treaty with the Zionist regime, created problems and dangers for Iran, because the issue of Persian Gulf security provided an opportunity for this regime to consolidate its position; a matter that caused Iran to adopt a behavior aimed at preventing the participation of any foreign government in any security plan related to the region.
(
, 
, 
)
