Abstract:
The most debatable school of literature in twentieth century، Surrealism، by onsidering all of its influences on the world of literature، has not been ignored in ersian literature. It seems that the sursensuous experiences of Gnostics and their Shathyyat " are the origins of Surrealism، which appeared in Europe later. Seeking for Mysticism in human's soul، is as the same as seeking for Surrealism in the unconscious mind، which has used a lot from Frauid's ideas in this case. For Gnostic، the manifestation of the superior reality of the life are soul and heart، and for Surrealist it's the depth of mind and the unconscious mind، which should be discovered. The results of long-term mystical inspiration، and the short and transient struggles of Surrealist، to some extent، can be considered equal. But the gnostics' assurance to real religious believes، and the lack of such a belief in Surrealism، caused the Mysticism's wealth in comparing with Surrealism. By considering the close similarities between Surrealism and Mysticism، we can see that the entrance of Mysticism into the practical gnostics' life، led to it's growth and development. Surrealism has been deprived from this wonderful development because of its isolation from the real life.
Machine summary:
The inseparable growth and expansion of Iranian literature from the branches of revelation, mysticism, and philosophy, alongside its artistic and rhetorical aspects, makes it natural for various beliefs and schools to be influenced by Persian literature, in proportion to their beliefs, thoughts, and goals.
The main objective of this writing is, firstly, to analytically highlight the dual influence of Surrealism on Iranian mysticism (direct and indirect) and, secondly, to categorize the contrasts between the two schools to acknowledge the independence of each in thought, action, and result.
B) In all cultures and histories of French literature, and books related to the Surrealist school, "being anti-logic, reason, and will" and "attention to the human subconscious" have been recorded as two special principles in Surrealism.
"Surrealism," as the most important literary school of twentieth-century Europe7, especially France, clearly shows the footprint of Iranian mysticism in the principles that its founders announced through manifestos8 (at least in superficial characteristics such as spontaneity, irrationality, giving importance to dreams and unconsciousness, disregard for linguistic laws and traditions, and such matters) (and even in Surrealist works, which were practically a way of applying the principles of this school to their thoughts and writings9).
For example: 1- Unconditional freedom of imagination as a result of automatic writing 2- Emphasis on surrealist objects 3- A fresh view of existence 4- The special rhetoric of the surrealist language Undoubtedly, a closer examination can place other principles or aspects of Surrealism against the principles presented in the language of mysticism.
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