Machine summary:
ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTE:M OF BHOPAL UNDER NAWAB SIKANDAR BEGAM ( 1844-1868) Uma Yaduvansh* i\ \VA B S1KANDAR BEGAM was given the title of the "Lady of · Amal" as she introduced order and system into all branches of the State administra• tion.
such cases tried actively to canvass British support for their cause until in 1859 a salutarv convention was established at the suggestion of Nawab Sikandar Begarn that thenceforward the consort of a Begam Ruler of Bhopal was to have no ruling powers, though he bore the title of Nawab.
Sikandar Begam placed them under the control of the new thanadars, fixed a cash salarv for them to be paid by the State, and also made them small land grants directly from the State.
1818 which provided that "the Nawab, his heirs and successors shalJ remain absolute rulers of their country and the jurisdiction of the British Govern• ment shall not in any manner be introduced into that principality", She submitted further that this claim ran counter to an agreement arrived at between her and Captain Cunningham, Political Agent, in 1847 about the mutual surrender by the Bhopal Authorities and the officers of the neigh• bouring British districts, of criminals on either side escaping· across the frontier.
Other village taxes, called abicabs or cesses, included a house tax levied from all except Brahrnins and cultivators, taxes on liquor, fees for the enter• tainment of Government revenue officers or those of the mustajirs, and customary nazars to the Ruler and the ministers on special occasions such as marriages or feasts.