Machine summary:
rulers by mentioning their names in the khutbah and by calling Tughril Sultan al-Mu'azzam, 2 That the sanction from the Caliphate was necessitated purely from the relig• ious point of view is evident by the very fact that, immedi• ately after they despatched the messenger, they proceeded to divide up the vast territories which had so quietly passed under their control.
3 Tughril could not find time to pay attention to the affairs at Baghdad till 44 7 I 1055 when, with the permission of the Caliph, he paid his first visit to the metropolis of Islam, where he was received with great honour, and orders were (I) Rawandi.
Mazayd and Bassasiri, a Shii'te Turkish general who had revolted at Mausil against the authority of the 'Abbasid Caliphate and had recognized that of the Egyptian Caliphate, was received with the most elaborate ceremony at Baghdad, 3 and was entrusted with the affairs of the State in the following words : " The Commander of the Faithful," proclaimed Ra'is al-Ruasa, "thanks you for your efforts and appreciates your services.
" They took energetic (I) A few days after the re-establishment of the 'Abbasid Caliphate Tughril asked his wazir 'Amid al-Mulk to approach the Caliph for the allotment of a certain portion of territory in the neighbourhood of Bagh• d!d to meet the expenses of his army as he would be required to come so often to Baghdad in connection with administrative affairs.
The' chief aim of Nizam al-Mulk was to establish a justification for the Sultanate in its own right without any external· agency being responsible for it; while recognizing at the same time the 'Abbasid Caliphate as a religious institution.