چکیده:
The endurance of any type of architecture is contingent upon the study of the
characteristics that led to its formation. Two general approaches have been adopted to
study and analyze the Iranian architecture. A number of scholars have taken a
historical approach, while others have merely considered a genre- based approach.
Making use of many historical studies, these scholars have attempted to produce an
exacting categorization of Iranian architecture. They focuse on outward form and
embellishment to identify and distinguish various classes and sub-classes of
architecture in Iran.
The third approach, which is outlined in this article, tries to explain such
architecture from a conceptual point of view. This essentially involves identifying and
analyzing those features that have allowed it to endure. The article shows that there
has been a precise and thought- provoking interaction between architects and the
intellectual classes that led to the formation of an enduring and transcendent form of
architecture in Iran.
استمرار معماری نیازمند تحلیل مداوم از ویژگیهایی است که فضاهای معماری در خلق و ایجاد آن موفق بودهاند. در
مواجهه با معماری بهطور کلی و معماری گذشته ایران، دو رویکرد به صورت جدی و پایهای به تبیین و تفسیر
آن پرداختهاند. عدهای با رویکردی تاریخ نگارانه معماری ایران را مطالعه و مراحل تکامل آن را مورد عنایت
قرار دادهاند. رویکرد دیگری که در معرفی معماری ایران سخت تلاش کرده است، نگاهی گونه شناختی به
معماری دارد. این نگاه که با استفاده از مطالعات تاریخ نگارانه به نوعی دستهبندی دقیق از عناصر معماری
پرداخته است، با تمرکز بر فرم و تزیینات، عناصر معماری را مورد تحلیل و توجه قرار داده است.
رویکرد سوم که این مقاله به معرفی آن پرداخته است، تلاش دارد تا معماری ایران را از زاویه اندیشه در
معماری پیگیری نماید. عمده نگاه این رویکرد دستیابی به مؤلفههایی است که قابلیت تداوم و استمرار را در
معماری دارند. این مقاله نشان می دهد که همواره تعامل دقیق و قابل توجهی بین معماران و اهل اندیشه بوده و
همین امر باعث ایجاد و شکل گیری معماری متعالی و ماندگار گشته است.
:
خلاصه ماشینی:
"Archeologists by considering the ancientness of the work, architectural historians by taking the details and elements involved in the formation of architectural backgrounds into account, typologists by making architectural elements morphologically compatible, architects by making attempts towards identifying spaces and their relations to life, art researchers by being concerned about the artistic aspect of architecture and philosophers by analyzing the why and how of architectural products have all attempted to elucidate architecture in their own way.
The eras enumerated by pope and their key features are: - The Islamic era: new objectives - The Seljuk: Building as the symbol of beauty - The Mongol: wreckage and magnificence - The Timurids: Refinement and abundance - The Safavid: on the top Although, this book as well as other publications of Pope such as "Passing through the Iranian Art" written under his supervision, are useful references for introducing Iranian architecture and its history, the perspective lacks the required energy for describing the dynamism and activity in architecture.
Therefore, it seems that by historiographical research and considering the depth of architecture, the typological approach has made the focus on identifying the space it can be hoped that by studying the basic issue of Islamic architecture it would be possible, to some extent, provided that the analyses do not merely focus on the form, to take the insight and depth of the architectural reflection, as well."