چکیده:
The main issue of this writing is the nature of social sciences, which is inherently a philosophical question, and it examines the foundations and assumptions of these sciences after a relatively long period since their establishment in human society. To this end, an attempt was made using description and analysis methods to point out the most important characteristics of these sciences, their contexts, and conditions of emergence, while expressing and criticizing the sources of knowledge acquisition in these sciences, and addressing the epistemological foundations and the pathologies resulting from their application in Islamic society. In the end, due to religious concern regarding the way these sciences flow in Islamic society, in line with efforts that have emerged in the field of Islamization of human sciences in the country, the risks of these sciences will be mentioned, and solutions for overcoming their deadlocks based on the foundations of Islamic thought will be reminded.
خلاصه ماشینی:
These sciences include a wide range of disciplines such as sociology, social psychology, political science, economics, anthropology, social communication, cultural and social studies, and they utilize various interpretive, explanatory, critical, and other methods to gain awareness of the phenomena and actions of society members (Trig, 1384: 11 and 12; and Group of Authors, 1391: 130).
Humans are different from physical objects, and the social world is constructed with the meanings and purposes of rational actors; for this reason, it emphasizes the understanding of meaning through exploratory methods.
In criticizing the two aforementioned paradigms, realists emphasize the concept of "necessity," based on which subjects, whether natural or social, necessarily possess causal capacity and, in combination with external factors, have the power to create events.
Accordingly, concepts such as "society," "group," "tradition," "knowledge," "action," "value," "norm," "rationality," and "theory" are considered basic concepts in social sciences and play a pivotal role in understanding the perspective of social sciences.
In this view, reality includes tangible and accessible entities such as objects, tools, environment, and nature, or the creation of the human mind and consciousness; the effort to discover, interpret, and generalize its results is the most prominent feature of social sciences in the contemporary era.
Attention to objectivity became necessary because social scientists were concerned with having a criterion for the correspondence of information obtained through these sciences, so that individuals' personal perceptions and political motives would not be presented as scientific work regarding society and human functions (ibid).
(
, 
, 
)
