Foucault's Method in Dealing with History متفرقه

خلاصه ماشینی:

, but most of these criticisms have been dogmatic, one-sided, or biased, showing a lack of understanding of Shamlou's method and philosophy of history; after reviewing these criticisms and opinions in November 1991, he himself delivered a series of lectures in Berkeley titled "Rendurandi in Hafiz's Ghazals" and continued to emphasize his intellectual positions, explaining his views as follows: "Some have written that from the perspective of the despicable historians of the Stalin era, I look at our own history, or they have repeated this Assyrian sentence that now, according to Shamlou, we should learn our Hafiz from Petrushchevsky!" He continues by saying: "In my short, temporary introduction to Hafiz, titled 'A Few Words from Spontaneity,' I have written that to understand Hafiz, one must know the economic conditions of his era; does this mean learning Hafiz from that gentleman's book?!" Unfortunately, either this slim volume has not reached the honorable writer, or they have passed over it carelessly; otherwise, they would not have known that Shamlou's historical analyses are a reproduction of the thoughts of people such as Barthold, Petrushchevsky, etc. Archaeology: Foucault uses this term as a method in opposition to Historicism in the book "History of Madness" and says that the method of archaeology (history of the present) is to discover the linguistic and epistemic systems governing every era, to describe and understand the specific judicial archives of each society, and at the same time, to remove historical succession and continuity, historical causality, and progress from the past to the present from the basis of the analysis of the origin of thought.