چکیده:
اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻧﮕﻴﺰﺷﻲ – ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﻲ و ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞرﻓﺘﮕﻲ ﺷﻐﻠﻲ ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻲ داﻧﺸﮕﺎهﻫﺎیدوﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻬﺮان ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻔﻲ و ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻴﺪاﻧﻲ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر، ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻲ ﻳﺎزده داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺑﻪﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎی ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻧﮕﻴﺰﺷﻲ – ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﻲ داﻧﺖ و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران )6991( و ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞرﻓﺘﮕﻲ ﺷﻐﻠﻲ ﻫﺎزل و ﻣﺴﻠﺶ )7791( ﭘﺎﺳﺦ دادﻧﺪ. ازﻣﺠﻤﻮع 77 ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﺔ ارﺳﺎﻟﻲ، اﻃﻼﻋﺎت 86 ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﺔ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﻲ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣﻮنﻫﺎی tﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ، ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﭘﻴﺮﺳﻮن واﺳﭙﻴﺮﻣﻦ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﻧﮕﻴﺰﺷﻲ و ﻓﺮﺳﻮدﮔﻲ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻲ )10/0≤-0/363 ،P= (rﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﻣﻌﻜﻮس و ﻣﻌﻨﻲداری وﺟﻮد دارد. ﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﻲ و ﻓﺮﺳﻮدﮔﻲ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻲ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﻌﻨﻲداری وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد. ﺑﻴﻦﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﺎزده ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻧﮕﻴﺰﺷﻲ )10/0≤ (r = -0/454 ،Pو ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﻲ )10/0 ≤ (r = -0/314 ،Pﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﻣﻌﻜﻮس وﻣﻌﻨﻲداری وﺟﻮد دارد. ﺑﻴﻦ ﺗﻬﻲ ﺷﺪن از وﻳﮋﮔﻲﻫﺎی ﺷﺨﺼﻲ و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻧﮕﻴﺰﺷﻲ و ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﻲ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﻌﻨﻲداری وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ اﻳﻦﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ، از ﻳﻚ ﺳﻮ در ﺗﻮﺳﻌﺔ آﮔﺎﻫﻲ ﻣﺪﻳﺮان و اﻳﺠﺎد زﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺑﺮای ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﻳﺰی در ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺳﻄﺢ اﻧﮕﻴﺰش و از ﺳﻮﻳﻲ دﻳﮕﺮ در ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞرﻓﺘﮕﻲ ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد.
The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between motivation-hygiene factors and job burnout among experts of physical education in Tehran state universities. Data were collected by motivation- hygiene factors questionnaire of Dunt et al. (1996) based on Hertzberg theory and job burnout questionnaire of Hassles and Maslash (1977). These questionnaires were standard and assessed by the pilot study and test-retest, so the validity of all questions was achieved. The collected data were analyzed using Independent t-test, Spearman and Pearson coefficients. The research results showed a significant negative correlation between motivational factor and emotional exhaustion (P?0.01, r = -0.363), but there was no significant relationship between hygienic factor and emotional exhaustion. There was a significant negative correlation between decreased personal accomplishment and motivation factor (P?0.01, r = -0.454) and between decreased personal accomplishment and hygiene factor (P 0.01, r =-0.314). There was no significant relationship between depersonalization and motivation-hygiene factors. Results of this study are useful to develop manager's knowledge and to improve the level of motivation and also to decrease burnout in experts
خلاصه ماشینی:
1 - Herzberg Theory 2 - Bohorqwes ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻧﮕﻴﺰﺷﻲ – ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﻲ و ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ رﻓﺘﮕﻲ ﺷﻐﻠﻲ ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻲ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻫﺎی دوﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻬﺮان 731 ﻣﺴﻠﺶ1 )3891( ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞرﻓﺘﮕﻲ ﺷﻐﻠﻲ را رویآوردی ﺟﺪﻳﺪ از ﭘﺪﻳﺪة اﺳﺘﺮس ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ و آن را ﻛﺎرﻛﺮد ﺳﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻲداﻧﺪ: اﻟﻒ( ﻓﺮﺳﻮدﮔﻲ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻲ ب( ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﺎزدة ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ج( ﺗﻬﻲ ﺷﺪن از وﻳﮋﮔﻲﻫﺎی ﺷﺨﺼﻲ )ﻣﺴﺦ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺖ( ﻛﺸﺘﻜﺎران )5731( در ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞرﻓﺘﮕﻲ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ اﻇﻬﺎر ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ: »ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞرﻓﺘﮕﻲ، ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻲ ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﺷﻮد«.
ﻧﺸﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ورزﺷﻲ، ﺷﻤﺎرة 3، زﻣﺴﺘﺎن 8831 441 - ﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﻧﮕﻴﺰﺷﻲ و ﺗﻬﻲ ﺷﺪن از وﻳﮋﮔﻲﻫﺎی ﺷﺨﺼﻲ در آزﻣﻮدﻧﻲﻫﺎ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﻌﻨﻲداری وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد.
ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻧﮕﻴﺰﺷﻲ – ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﻲ و ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ رﻓﺘﮕﻲ ﺷﻐﻠﻲ ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻲ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻫﺎی دوﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻬﺮان 541 ﺟﺪول 8 – ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﻲ و ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﺎزده ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد در آزﻣﻮدﻧﻲﻫﺎ )86 = (n ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﺎزده ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ داری )(P ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﻲ)(r ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔﻴﺮی ﻧﻮع آزﻣﻮن ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﻧﮕﻴﺰﺷﻲ رد ﻓﺮﺿﻴﺔ ﺻﻔﺮ 900/0 **413/0- ﭘﻴﺮﺳﻮن **در ﺳﻄﺢ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از 10/0 ﻣﻌﻨﻲدار اﺳﺖ.
ﺟﺪول 9_ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﻲ و ﺗﻬﻲ ﺷﺪن از وﻳﮋﮔﻲﻫﺎی ﺷﺨﺼﻲ در آزﻣﻮدﻧﻲﻫﺎ )86=(n ﺗﻬﻲ ﺷﺪن از وﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎی ﺷﺨﺼﻲ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ داری )(P ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﻲ)(r ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔﻴﺮی ﻧﻮع آزﻣﻮن ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﻧﮕﻴﺰﺷﻲ ﻋﺪم رد ﻓﺮﺿﻴﺔ ﺻﻔﺮ 408/0 ** 130/0 ﭘﻴﺮﺳﻮن **در ﺳﻄﺢ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از 10/0 ﻣﻌﻨﻲدار اﺳﺖ.
اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ دو ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻧﮕﻴﺰﺷﻲ و ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﺎزده ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﻛﻤﺘﺮ در ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻲ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان ﺑﺮﺧﻼف دﻳﮕﺮ اﺑﻌﺎد ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞرﻓﺘﮕﻲ ﺷﻐﻠﻲ دارای ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﻲ و ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮی اﺳﺖ.