Abstract:
Abstract While the level of women’s participation in the labor market is on the rise in the world, the level of participation of Iranian women has not proportionately increased, and women constitute only a small portion of the active population in Iran. Among factors affecting women’s participation in the labor market are the decisions concerning retirement and the willingness to work by the middle-aged population. This study is an attempt to investigate the factors affecting women’s participation and retirement in the labor market in Tehran. According to the results of a cross-sectional data analysis in Tehran carried out in 2008, 20% (18 women) of the sample population were re-employed after retirement. The rate of women’s participation is very low during retirement and old age. According to the results of ‘Logit Regression Model’, the later the elderly people retire, the less likely they are to participate in the labor market after retirement. Women are especially more inclined to expedite the retirement process than men. In addition, aging and increased work experience helping women to get out of the labor market more easily and in contrast, educational achievements, family expenditure and the number of people supported by the retired person increase the participation level after middle age.
Machine summary:
"In another study, Hill (2002) investigated the rate of participation among senior women in the labor market using women of the societies as his sample population and using variables such as age group, employment status, the type of employment (part-time or regular), industries employing these people according to age, type of occupation, literacy and educational level, the number of family members, marital status, and their race.
Hypotheses One of the concerns of this study is to identify and consider the effect of different variables, such as lifestyle quality, health and welfare conditions, education, personal characteristics and the occupational status of people and their families, on labor force participation during middle and old age.
Based on the designed questionnaire, first, the correlation between different factors (such as education, support, work experience, spouse employment, family’s occupational status, health, spouse, number of family members, level of income, and family expenditure) and the variable number of re-employed women of the sample population will be examined.
TERM : Years of service, EARLY : The binary variable for early exit from the labor market and premature retirement, EDU : Level of education, SPON : The number of people sponsored or supported by the retired person, EXPP : Average family expenditure per month, and OLD : Retirement age Table 3 shows the estimation results of model (1).
Major factors affecting elderly women participation include education, working spouse or spousal labor force supply, health, personal properties and family debt, financial status of the family, marital status, number of children and fertility rate."