Abstract:
Background. Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) is the most important regulator of the Wingless signaling pathway (Wnt), which plays an important role in inflammation, atherogenesis, and glucose metabolism. Dkk-1 proteins increase with the activation of platelets, and increase of platelet activity plays a role in the progression of progressive atherogenesis in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Objectives. The aim of this study was the effects of eight weeks high-intensity interval training vs. Continuous moderate-intensity training on plasma dickkopf-1 and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods. A total of 57 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly assigned to the control (CTR), continuous moderate-intensity training (CMIT), and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) groups. Biochemical parameters were measured in all the subjects 48 hours before starting the training program as well as 48 hours after the last session of the training. Both training programs were performed based on specific protocols using a cycle ergometer.
Results. Both training models could increase VO2peak and decrease glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin resistance, and hypertension in post-test compared to pre-test (p<0.05). The plasma levels of Dkk-1 in the post-test of CMIT and HIIT groups decreased significantly compared to the pre-test values (p<0.05).
Conclusion. The HIIT and CMIT could decrease blood glucose and insulin resistance and reduce plasma Dkk-1 levels via reducing platelet dysfunction and improving diabetes-related indices
Machine summary:
The HIIT and CMIT could decrease blood glucose and insulin resistance and reduce plasma Dkk-1 levels via reducing platelet dysfunction and improving diabetes-related indices.
Various studies recently showed that high-intensity internal exercises (HIITs) play more effective role in cardiovascular risk factors and improvement of vascular function in hypertensive patients and the ones with type 2 diabetes (6, 12).
Therefore, the present study aimed at investigating the effects of two exercise trainings (HIIT and CMIT) on plasma Dkk-1 level and related parameters such as blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), FMD, and the level of blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
P RESULTS The effect of CMIT and HIIT on the level of biochemical parameters measured in the blood sample taken of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is presented in Table 2.
Likewise, it was found that the plasma levels of Dkk-1 in the post-test of CMIT and HIIT groups decreased significantly compared to the pretest (P DISCUSSION In the current study, it was found that both of the exercises could improve the biochemical parameters of patients with type 2 diabetes by reducing insulin resistance, decreasing HbA1c levels, decreasing diastolic blood pressure and decreasing plasma Dkk-1 levels.
CONCLUSION Finally, the study shows that HIIT and CMIT reduce blood glucose and insulin resistance and reduce plasma levels of Dkk-1 by reducing platelet dysfunction and improving indicators related to type 2 diabetes mellitus.