Abstract:
هدف تحقیق حاضر، بررسی نقش گردشگری ورزشی در ترویج رفتارهای سبز گردشگران با محوریت استان اردبیل است. روش تحقیق پژوهش حاضر، آمیخته یا ترکیبی است که با استفاده از رویکرد متوالی اکتشافی در دو فاز کیفی-کمّی انجام شد. روشهای بکاررفته در این تحقیق، بهترتیب "تحلیلمضمون و پیمایش" است. مطابق با یافتههای تحقیق در فاز اول، مضامین استخراج شده از مصاحبههای نیمهساختاریافته در قالب 36 مضمون پایه، 15 مضمون سازماندهنده و 3 مضمون فراگیر دستهبندی شدند. مطابق با یافتههای فاز دوم تحقیق، تمامی مضامین مورد تایید خبرگان واقع شدند و همگی بهعنوان عواملی هستند که تعیینکننده نقش گردشگری ورزشی در ترویج رفتارهای سبز گردشگران میباشند. نتیجه میشود گردشگری ورزشی ضمن ایجاد مزایای اجتماعی، فرهنگی و اقتصادی عظیم برای ساکنان و بازدیدکنندگان، سهم قابلتوجهی در بروز رفتارهای سبز در گردشگران را دارد و این مقوله ضمن حفاظت از محیطزیست، بر توسعه گردشگری ورزشی نیز تأثیر دارد.
Sports tourism is one of the most important types of tourism, growing and developing rapidly. Tourist destinations in the field of sports, while supporting sports tourism policies, are also directed towards environmental issues, which try to create green behaviors in tourists. Therefore, sports tourism is one field that has implemented this category. This research aims to investigate sports tourism's role in promoting tourists' green behaviors, focusing on Ardabil province. The current research method is mixed, which was carried out using a sequential exploratory approach in two qualitative-quantitative phases. The methods used in this research are "thematic analysis and survey," respectively. The statistical population of the research in the first phase includes experts in sports tourism, sport management, and behavior management, who were interviewed using the persuasive sampling method. In the second phase of the research, the influential actors of this field were used. Using the systematic sampling method, 31 experts answered the questionnaire questions. According to the research findings in the first phase, the themes extracted from the semi-structured interviews were categorized into 36 basic themes, 15 organizing themes, and three global themes. According to the findings of the second phase of the research, all themes were approved by the experts, and all of them are factors that determine the role of sports tourism in promoting the green behaviors of tourists. As a result, sports tourism, while creating macro "social, cultural and economic" benefits for residents and visitors, has a significant contribution to the occurrence of green behaviors in tourists, and this category, while protecting the environment, also has an impact on the development of sports tourism. Also, this category represents a combination of green behaviors that can strengthen and develop visitors' pro-environmental attitudes and create recreational experiences.Introduction Sport is a phenomenon in continuous evolution where new sporting events are emerging. With it, there is a need to study specific aspects that allow organizations to manage their resources more effectively. Sports tourism is one of the most important events that can be fruitful in this field. Sports tourism is those trips for recreational (non-commercial) reasons to participate in or observe sports activities outside the usual residence and may or may not have competitive goals. Sports tourism has gradually emerged in different countries, and large cities and small local towns have established specialized sports tourism agencies. Sports activities allow tourists to participate freely in the tourism process, such as beach volleyball, rock climbing, river tracking, and more. In fact, sports tourism is a low-cost recreational activity, but it can also improve physical and mental health. Travelers from many countries pay increasing attention to sports tourism and create many sports activities in sightseeing spots and resorts, including mountain climbing, cycling, road running, river trekking, rock climbing, swimming, and more.In the sports tourism sector, intense competition is underway. Implementing and managing sustainable tourism development programs and a "Greener" competitive advantage in these areas provide potential benefits for sports tourism destinations. Today, tourist destinations in sport tourism have taken various measures to attract tourists and increase the credibility of sports tourism. For example, sports tourism departments have taken various measures in line with green behaviors and the occurrence of such behaviors on the part of tourists. Nowadays, in sports tourism, apart from economic, political, and cultural fields, environmental issues and greening have become very important. The emergence of green behaviors on the part of sports tourists is one of the solutions and actions that will positively affect the tourism destination or the host community in addition to the environment. Destinations providing sports tourism can benefit by encouraging and forcing tourism providers to develop green measures and strategies. As a result, the occurrence of green behaviors on the part of tourists will be a fundamental and justifying factor. One of the significant issues in this field is the investigation and analysis of the role of sport tourism and its influential factors in promoting the green behaviors of tourists, which is the primary goal of this study. The geographical area under study is Ardabil province. This province has ten cities, and sports tourism is carried out in sports such as skiing, rock climbing, mountaineering, river trekking, water sports, hiking, camping, and more. Since this province has pristine and beautiful nature, it is vital to show green behavior from tourists, and it is considered a requirement in addition to the duty.Materials and MethodsThis is practical research regarding the purpose, and its research method is mixed. Its approach is exploratory sequentially, so that first qualitative information and then quantitative data are collected and analyzed. The study phases were carried out one after the other, and one of the phases had more weight. In this study, the first phase of the research, the thematic analysis method, has more weight than the first quantitative phase.In the first phase, the qualitative method of thematic analysis is used, with the use of tools such as semi-structured interviews, relevant codes were obtained, and these themes were categorized in the form of basic, organizing, and global themes with an inductive approach (part to whole). Then, in the second phase, using the quantitative survey method, each of the themes was sent to the experts in this field for verification and review to measure its components and give an opinion on its validity.The participants of the present research are categorized separately for both phases. In the first phase, i.e., in the thematic analysis method, 11 experts in sport tourism, sports management, and behavior management participated -online- who were identified using the purposeful sampling method. In the second phase of the research, the influential actors of this field were also participated, and these experts are mainly in the academic and executive fields. In this phase, a systematic sampling method was used, and 31 experts answered the questionnaire questions.Discussion and Results In this research, 121 indicators were identified by examining semi-structured interviews, from which 36 basic themes, 15 organizing themes, and three global themes were extracted. Each organizing theme is the principal element and constituent of the inclusive themes. These themes indicate that these factors influence sports tourism in promoting green behaviors of tourists in the host society. In more general terms, these factors are the factors that determine the role of sport tourism in promoting the green behaviors of tourists. In the quantitative part, all themes have obtained values higher than the acceptable limit, and the appropriateness of the themes (indices) of the model indicates the appropriateness of the measurement model, which among the global themes is the theme of "creating, supporting and promoting pro-environmental behavior" and among the themes of the organization. The theme of "enhancement of environmentally responsible behavior of sports tourists" has the most significant effect with values of (0.56) and (0.57), respectively.ConclusionsSports tourism contributes to the host society's economic growth, cultural promotion, and enrichment. It is also considered important in environmental protection and promoting the green behaviors of tourists. Many countries use mechanisms such as sports tourism to create green behaviors in tourists to face challenging environmental issues and problems. The findings of this study also contain important practical implications for the stakeholders of the sport tourism industry. Considering that the relationship between tourists' green behaviors and environmental behaviors in tourism destinations creates contexts and opportunities, one of the most fundamental topics in this field is "creating, supporting, and promoting pro-environmental behavior" in the form of an inclusive theme. Creating, supporting, and promoting pro-environmental behavior is an essential role sports tourism plays in influencing tourists' green behavioral intentions. This theme makes sports tourism emphasize the importance of participation and interaction of sports tourists with the host community in the emergence of greener behaviors, which subsequently makes green consumption, green actions, and so on necessary in their daily life. The next global theme is sustainable green engagement and communication, which emphasizes a multi-faceted relationship with tourists and the local community. Moving towards greener behaviors of sports tourists and creating green destinations is not just a goal or destination but a systematic and extensive process that requires much attention. Environmental education through media (television, newspapers, internet, social media, and more.) should be used to teach travelers and non-travelers professional environmental practices. This environmental education helps tourists understand the importance of green behaviors, and on the other hand, destinations can educate tourists about them through access to environmental protection information. These actions will create interaction and participation, which are critical and valuable actions in this field. The development and promotion of green behavior create environmentally responsible behavior among tourists. In this research, among the themes of the organizer, the theme of "enhancement of environmentally responsible behavior of sport tourists" has the highest path coefficient effect. Environmentally responsible behavior (ERBI) is when a person or a group of people follow actions or behaviors that control environmental impacts and are highly responsive to the environment and its subsequent issues. In addition to preserving the environment, such behaviors are necessary to maintain the growth of sports tourism.
Machine summary:
مقاصد گردشگر پذیر در حوزه ورزش ، ضمن حمایت و پشتیبانی از سیاست های گردشگری ورزشی ، به سمت مسائل زیست محیطی نیز معطوف شده اند که سعی در ایجاد رفتارهای سبز در گردشگران را دارند.
نتیجه می شود گردشگری ورزشی ضمن ایجاد مزایای اجتماعی ، فرهنگی و اقتصادی عظیم برای ساکنان و بازدیدکنندگان ، سهم قابل توجهی در بروز رفتارهای سبز در گردشگران را دارد و این مقوله ضمن حفاظت از محیط زیست ، بر توسعه گردشگری ورزشی نیز تأثیر دارد.
)به تصویرصفحه رجوع شود) بحث و نتیجه گیری همان طور که بیان شد، هدف اصلی تحقیق حاضر بررسی و تحلیل نقش گردشگری ورزشی و عوامل مؤثر در آن در راستای ترویج رفتارهای سبز گردشگران است که با استفاده از روش ترکیبی این عوامل (مضامین ) احصا و استخراج شدند.
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