Machine summary:
Though the Ghuzz tribesmen are mentioned by al-Baladhuri, 13 al- Ya'qubi" and Ibn Rustah1' among the 3rd/9th century writers, the region which they occupied is not giveri.
Further, we have the first-hand account about the Ghuzz given by Ibn Fadlan," the envoy of the Caliph al-Muqtadir ( 295-320/908-32) to the king of the Slavs, According to Ibn Fadlan, the title of the king of the Ghuzz was Yabghu, which was also the title of the· ruler under whom Tuqaq and Saljuq were employed.
1. Demir Yayligh-meaning 'the iron bow' in Turkish-the father of Saljuq, was in the service of the Khaqan of the Khazars according to Bar Hebraeus;24 of Paighu ( Yabghu) king_ of the Khazars according to Mir Khwand ;25 and Baighu ( Yabghu) king of the Turks with whom Tuqaq quarrelled and broke open his head with a blow, when the latter wanted to invade the lands of Islam, according to Ibn al-Athir.
F. Wustenfeld, Vol. II, P: 127, Leipzig, 1866--Jr. The town belonged to the Ghuzz ruler and was inhabited by a considerable number of Muslims, Ibn Hawqal, p.
· However, bearing all these accounts in mind, one may state that Tuqaq and his son Saljuq were in the service of Yabghu, the king of the Ghuzz, and that he, perhaps, owed some sort of allegiance to the Khaqan of the Khazars.
Sometimes the names of the sons of Saljuq, such as Yunus Musa, 39 Mika'il and Isra'il,"0 have led modern historians to suppose either - Christian or Jewish influence.