چکیده:
In this paper we investigated total energy consumption and its individual forms (oil، natural gas، electricity، renewable energies and coal) relationship with real gross domestic product (GDP) in Iran. We employed Hsiao’s (1981) methodology and annual data which cover 1967-2010 for investigation. The empirical findings indicate there is bidirectional causality effect with real GDP and total energy consumption as well as its three individual forms including، oil، natural gas and electricity. Therefore we can accept feedback hypothesis about total energy consumption-GDP linkage. There is not any causality effect with other individual forms of energy such as renewable energies and coal with GDP. These results are not too surprising for Iran، because share of oil، natural gas and electricity is higher than other forms of energy.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Aggregate and Disaggregate Energy Consumption Relation with GDP: Evidence for Iran Eisa Maboudian*1 Khashayar Seyyed-Shokri2 Received: 2016/04/05 Accepted: 2016/06/12 Abstract n this paper we investigated total energy consumption and itsindividual forms (oil, natural gas, electricity, renewable energies and coal) relationship with real gross domestic product (GDP) in Iran.
The empirical findings indicate there is bidirectional causality effect with real GDP and total energy consumption as well as its three individual forms including, oil, natural gas and electricity.
Al-Iriani , 2006; Asafu-Adjaye, 2000; Lise & Montfort, 2007; Yoo, 2005; Glasure, 2002) to get rid of spurious regression or Toda and Yamamoto (1995) methodology (Hondroyianais et al, 2002 ; Fatai et al, 2002; Wolde-Rufael, 2004; Lee, 2006; Ziramba, 2009; Bowden & Payne, 2009; Payne, 2009; Soytas & Sari, 2009; Wolde-Rufael, 2009; Tsani, 2010; Wolde-Rufael & Menyah, 2010) .
Glasure & Lee (1997) examined the causality issue between GDP and energy consumption for South Korea and Singapore.
The results showed a unidirectional strong causality from economic growth to energy consumption for the oil-exporting countries.
Mozumder & Marathe (2007) examined the causal relationship between the per capita electricity consumption and the per capita GDP for Bangladesh using a cointegration and vector error correction model.
Behmiri & Manso (2012) analyzed the relationship between oil consumption and economic growth for OECD countries and found that there is bi-directional causality between them.